Can we retrieve objects from a database that are just close to a desired item? Can we control the retrieval process up to a given error? Can we define a semantic similarity between objects to be retrieved? The paper seeks for positive answers to these questions by using hierarchies. Sometimes, qualitative values can be arranged in a hierarchy, a tree with certain properties. Hierarchies allow t...

Further tests were provided of an exemplar-similarity model for relating the identification and categorization of separable-dimension stimuli (Nosofsky, 1986). On the basis of confusion errors in an identification paradigm, a multidimensional scaling (MDS) solution was derived for a set of 16 separable-dimension stimuli. This MDS solution was then used in conjunction with the exemplar-similarit...

The development of methods for the automatic identiication of languages is motivated both by speech-based applications intended for use in a multilingual environment, and by theoretical questions of cross-linguistic variation and similarity. We evaluate the potential utility of two prosodic variables, F 0 and amplitude envelope modulation, in a pairwise language discrimination task. Discriminat...

Neural network has been attracting more and more researchers since the past decades. The properties, such as parameter sensitivity, random similarity, learning ability, etc., make it suitable for information protection, such as data encryption, data authentication, intrusion detection, etc. In this paper, by investigating neural networks’ properties, the low-cost authentication method based on ...

In Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), struggling learners often seek help by posting questions in discussion forums. Unfortunately, given the large volume of discussion in MOOCs, instructors may overlook these learners’ posts, detrimentally impacting the learning process and exacerbating attrition. In this paper, we present YouEDU, an instructional aid that automatically detects and addresses...

“obligation”, “dette” and “droit personnel” are three important and correlative legal terms in civil law that have been introduce into persian legal literature with improper translation. the failure to distinguish them from common terms in islamic jurisprudence like “dein” and “eltezam” have caused conceptual confusion between special terms of two great legal systems: civil law and islamic law....

Although the “scale-free” literature is large and growing, it gives neither a precise definition of scale-free graphs nor rigorous proofs of many of their claimed properties. In fact, it is easily shown that the existing theory has many inherent contradictions and verifiably false claims. In this paper, we propose a new, mathematically precise, and structural definition of the extent to which a...

Although the “scale-free” literature is large and growing, it gives neither a precise definition of scale-free graphs nor rigorous proofs of many of their claimed properties. In fact, it is easily shown that the existing theory has many inherent contradictions and verifiably false claims. In this paper, we propose a new, mathematically precise, and structural definition of the extent to which a...

Abstract: This research proposes a two-stage user-based collaborative filtering process using an artificial immune system for the prediction of student grades, along with a filter for professor ratings in the course recommendation for college students. We test for cosine similarity and Karl Pearson (KP) correlation in affinity calculations for clustering and prediction. This research uses stude...