Tropical rainforests have recently been confirmed to be the largest source of methyl chloride and a missing source for methyl bromide. However, very few field studies have quantified methyl halide emissions from tropical plants. This study presents the first methyl halide emission measurements from 16 tropical crop species at the University of California, Berkeley Botanical Gardens. Leaf vial e...

We have examined the effect of the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-halide system and of activated human neutrophils on the ability of serum alpha 1-protease inhibitor (alpha 1-PI) to bind and inhibit porcine pancreatic elastase. Exposure to the isolated myeloperoxidase system resulted in nearly complete inactivation of alpha 1-PI. Inactivation was rapid (10 to 20 s); required active myelopero...

We investigated adenosine (Ado) activation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in vitro and in vivo. A(2B) Ado receptors were identified in Calu-3, IB-3-1, COS-7, and primary human airway cells. Ado elevated cAMP in Calu-3, IB-3-1, and COS-7 cells and activated protein kinase A-dependent halide efflux in Calu-3 cells. Ado promoted arachidonic acid release from Calu...

We have developed a colloidal synthesis of nearly monodisperse nanocrystals of pure Cs4PbX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) and their mixed halide compositions with sizes ranging from 9 to 37 nm. The optical absorption spectra of these nanocrystals display a sharp, high energy peak due to transitions between states localized in individual PbX64- octahedra. These spectral features are insensitive to the size of...

The ̄uorescent and halide sensitive 6-methoxy-N-(3-sulfopropyl)quinolinium (SPQ) molecule has been synthesised and incorporated into a hydrophilic copolymer to produce a halide sensor ®lm. The sensor ®lm typically swells in aqueous media allowing dye ̄uorescence to be quenched by the diffusion of aqueous halide ions at high pH. The steady-state Stern±Volmer constants, KSV, for the sensor ®lm to...

The inhibition of the type-3 copper enzyme tyrosinase by halide ions was studied by kinetic and paramagnetic (1)H NMR methods. All halides are inhibitors in the conversion of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) with apparent inhibition constants that follow the order I(-) < F(-) << Cl(-) < Br(-) at pH 6.80. The results show that the inhibition arises from the interaction of halide with both t...

Summary Stable and efficient perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells require defect passivation suppression of light-induced phase segregation the wide-band-gap perovskite. Here, we report how molecules containing both electron-rich electron-poor moieties, such as phenformin hydrochloride (PhenHCl), can satisfy requirements, independent perovskite's surface chemical composition its grain...

[Pd(P-O-P)(Ar)]+ complexes with ligands that have wide bite angles are active catalysts for the coupling of aniline derivatives with aryl triflates. Kinetic studies show that for these systems a fast equilibrium that involves coordination of the amine precedes the deprotonation, which is the rate-limiting step of the reaction. This reaction is faster for compounds with a smaller P-Pd-P angle. W...

Dodecanethiol-capped gold (Au) nanocrystal superlattices can undergo a surprisingly diverse series of ordered structure transitions when heated (Goodfellow, B. W.; Rasch, M. R.; Hessel, C. M.; Patel, R. N.; Smilgies, D.-M.; Korgel, B. A. Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 5710-5714). These are the result of highly uniform changes in nanocrystal size, which subsequently force a spontaneous rearrangement of su...

This Perspective outlines basic structural and optical properties of lead halide perovskite colloidal nanocrystals, highlighting differences and similarities between them and conventional II-VI and III-V semiconductor quantum dots. A detailed insight into two important issues inherent to lead halide perovskite nanocrystals then follows, namely, the advantages of defect tolerance and the necessi...