background: rna interference (rnai) is a phenomenon uses double-stranded rna (dsrna) to specifically inhibit gene expression. the non-specific silencing caused by interferon response to dsrna in mammalian cells limits the potential of utilizing rnai to study gene function. duplexes of 21-nucleotide short interfering dsrna (sirna) inhibit gene expression by rnai. in some organisms, sirna can als...

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In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, different small RNA-dependent gene silencing mechanisms act in the germline to initiate transgenerational gene silencing. Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) can initiate transposon and gene silencing by acting upstream of endogenous short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which engage a nuclear RNA interference (RNAi) pathway to trigger transcriptional gene silencin...

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection strongly modulates the host's immune response. The RNA silencing pathway is an intracellular innate response to viral infections. However, it is unknown whether PRRSV interacts with cellular RNA silencing to facilitate the viral infection. Here, we report for the first time the interaction between PRRSV and RNA silencing in b...

It is generally recognized that a silencing-inducing locus can efficiently reduce the expression of genes that give rise to transcripts partially homologous to those produced by the silencing-inducing locus (primary targets). Interestingly, the expression of genes that produce transcripts without homology to the silencing-inducing locus (secondary targets) can also be decreased dramatically via...

Genes introduced into higher plant genomes can become silent (gene silencing) and/or cause silencing of homologous genes at unlinked sites (homology-dependent gene silencing or HDG silencing). Mutations of the HOMOLOGY-DEPENDENT GENE SILENCING1 (HOG1) locus relieve transcriptional gene silencing and methylation-dependent HDG silencing and result in genome-wide demethylation. The hog1 mutant pla...

Sorghum is one of the most important cereal crops in drought regions Globe. However, a number constrains, such as poor nutritional value compared to other cereals, which caused by resistance its grain storage proteins (kafirins) protease digestion, makes it less popular. The use modern genetic technologies, RNA interference, opens up prospects for solving this problem. In paper, we describe inh...