Antibodies are created and refined by somatic evolution in B cell populations, which endows the human immune system with the ability to recognize and eliminate diverse pathogens. However, the evolutionary processes that sculpt antibody repertoires remain poorly understood. Here, using an unbiased repertoire-scale approach, we show that the molecular signatures of evolution are evident in human ...

Securing data in a networked environment has been a major concern for Network Administrator as intruders may get access and steal the information available in the Computer network. As absolute security is not possible in a network, detecting intrusion is very important from the standpoint of protection of the information as well as the network. The paper intends to cover the development of an I...

Convergent evolution represents one of the best lines of evidence for adaptation, but few cases of phenotypic convergence are understood at the genetic level. Guppies inhabiting the Northern Mountain Range of Trinidad provide a classic example of phenotypic convergent evolution, where adaptation to low or high predation environments has been found for a variety of traits. A major advantage of t...