OBJECTIVE To analyse the efficacy of short-course (SCRT) versus long-course radiotherapy/chemoradiation (LCRT) as a neoadjuvant modality for the management of lower rectal cancer (LRC). METHODS A systematic review of the literature was undertaken. Selected trials were analysed to generate a summative outcome. RESULTS Seven trials on the efficacy of SCRT versus LCRT as a neoadjuvant modality...

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed in women in the United States. Many breast cancer survivors are concerned that cancer treatment will compromise their reproductive potential. Despite this concern, most women receive limited information addressing preservation of fertility before initiating adjuvant chemotherapy. Historically, the supraphysiologic levels of estrogens associa...

Maintenance of stock cultures of yeast is essential in all mycology laboratories for quality control. Among several methods proposed for maintaining yeast culture collections, periodic subculture on agar slopes is most commonly adopted. In an attempt to reduce cost of preservation of yeast cultures, we evaluated a simple modification of agar slope stock culture technique where 20 strains of yea...

The ultrastructural examination by transmission electron microscopy of 45-million-year-old mummified leaves of Metasequoia extracted from the Upper Coal member of the Buchanan Lake Formation in Napartulik on Axel Heiberg Island revealed the preservation of intact chloroplasts and chloroplast components. Abundant tanniferous cell inclusions may indicate that the 3-mo period of constant daylight ...

Testate amoebae analysis has been shown to be a valuable technique to reconstruct peatland palaeohydrology and thereby past climate change. However there is cause for concern over the potential impact of differential preservation on the record. To investigate the impact of various environmental factors a sequence of Sphagnum samples were subjected to treatment with weak acid, nutrient enrichmen...

The ultrastructural examination by transmission electron microscopy of 45-million-year-old mummified leaves of Metasequoia extracted from the Upper Coal member of the Buchanan Lake Formation in Napartulik on Axel Heiberg Island revealed the preservation of intact chloroplasts and chloroplast components. Abundant tanniferous cell inclusions may indicate that the 3-mo period of constant daylight ...

Interactive Multimedia Installations (IMIs) are invaluable for the history of art and culture, for media technology and for other disciplines involved in the scientific research and the areas of application. Despite their importance, Interactive Multimedia Installations show some weaknesses that threaten their chance to be preserved long enough to be studied or replicated: (1) they show a compl...

The dominance of digital objects in today’s information landscape has changed the way humankind creates and exchanges information. However, it has also brought an entirely new problem: the longevity of digital objects. Due to the fast changes in technologies, digital documents have a short lifespan before they become obsolete. Digital preservation, i.e. actions to ensure longevity of digital in...

PURPOSE Avulsed tooth can be completely recovered, if sound periodontal ligament (PDL) of tooth is maintained. Although a lot of storage solutions have been explored for the better storage of avulsed tooth, there is a shortcoming that the preservation time is much short. On the other hand, there has been studies that (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant polyphenol in green t...