following the appearance of a quarantine pest, tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta (povolny), in europe, monitoring of this species in iran was started by the cooperation of the plant protection organization of iran and the iranian research institute of plant protection. according to the surveys, the first emergence of this pest was detected in october 2010 in azerbaijan-e-gharbi province.

the main purpose followed in this study was to evaluate the role of social capital on organizational learning (ol) of jihad-e-agriculture organization's staffs. the statistical population consisted of all staffs of jihad-e-agriculture organization in kurdistan province (n=150). applying census, a questionnaire was sent to all the members of the study from whom 124 members finally filled in...

Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), based on regional and multicultural cooperation, has focused on the improvement of living standards, collective as well as individual prosperity of people and economic development of member’s states. Since February 1992 ECO has been expanded to ten as the result of collapse of the Soviet Union. Of course, gas and oil are very important factors in this re...

Self-organization and cooperation of agents in open societies play an important role in the success of the service discovery process. Self-organization allows agents to deal with dynamic requirements in service demand. Moreover, in distributed environments where service discovery is carried out by agents that only have a partial view of the system, cooperation with neighbors is a key issue in o...

Background Over the last decade there has been an increase in healthcare expenditures while at the same time the inequity in distribution of resources has grown. These two issues have urged the researchers to review the determinants of healthcare expenditures. In this study, we surveyed the determinants of health expenditures in Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) countries.   Methods We us...

Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China *correspondence: Bin Xie. Mailing address: 600 South Wanping RD, Shanghai, China. Postcode: 200030. E-Mail: [email protected] As a large country with a population of over 1.3 billion people, China has been widely recognized for its roles in economic development and for its participation in global g...

Cooperation is needed for evolution to construct new levels of organization. Genomes, cells, multicellular organisms, social insects, and human society are all based on cooperation. Cooperation means that selfish replicators forgo some of their reproductive potential to help one another. But natural selection implies competition and therefore opposes cooperation unless a specific mechanism is a...

The booming Chinese film industry has been attracting the attention of Hollywood investors looking to cooperate with mainland partners to cash in on the fastest growing film market in the world. Nowhere is this more evident than in Shanghai’s animation industry, where companies such as Disney and DreamWorks are looking for a point of entry that allows for broader corporate expansion into China....

The most evident aspect of biodiversity is the variety of complex forms and behaviors among organisms, both living and extinct. Comparative molecular and physiological studies show that the evolution of complex phenotypic traits involves multiple levels of biological organization (i. Regardless of the specific molecular mechanisms and details, the evolution of different complex biological organ...

Abstract China and Russia have been progressively deepening their partnership in global governance to achieve common goals. However, do other states share policy positions? Existing scholarship addresses the dyadic affinity among major powers growing importance of rising power groups, but it does not examine how positions align with those United States its rivals: Russia. To investigate these p...