most areas of plain regions in mazandaran province are planted with rice, and different pesticides and fertilizers are used at high densities to increase the yield of production. diazinon is the main insecticide that being used to control chilo supressalis walker. the main problem is the high groundwater table in the region, and consumption of this water by local people and anthropogenic side e...

In this paper, the Kinetic Flux Vector Splitting (KFVS) scheme is extended to solving the shallow water equations with source terms. To develop a well-balanced scheme between the source term and the flow convection, the source term effect is accounted in the flux evaluation across cell interfaces. This leads to a modified gas–kinetic scheme with particular application to the shallow water equat...

In this paper we describe the agent based architecture and extensively report the design of the shallow processing model in it. We present the general model describing the data flow and the expected activities that have to be carried out. The notion of question session will be introduced as a means to control the communication among the different agents. We then present a shallow model mainly b...

This paper describes how tangential impact velocities can be incorporated into wellknown impact theories in deep and shallow water. Taking the deep and shallow flows in turn, it is shown how to link the normal impact Wagner and Korobkin theories to the tangential impact theories of planing and skimming respectively. An instability is revealed that limits the configurations that can be analysed ...

Despite the sphericity of the collapsing stellar core, the birth conditions of neutron stars can be highly nonspherical due to a hydrodynamical instability of the shocked accretion flow. Here we report the first laboratory experiment of a shallow water analogue, based on the physics of hydraulic jumps. Both the experiment and its shallow water modeling demonstrate a robust linear instability an...

In this paper a comparative analysis of 2D numerical models for overland flow simulations have been performed; in particular they are based on the shallow water approach according to fully dynamic, diffusive and kinematic wave modeling. The systems have been numerically solved by using the MacCormack second order central scheme. The models have been tested, validated and compared using numerica...

Consider the dynamics of turbulent flow in rivers, estuaries and floods. Based on the widely used k-ǫ model for turbulence, we use the techniques of centre manifold theory to derive dynamical models for the evolution of the water depth and of vertically averaged flow velocity and turbulent parameters. This new model for the shallow water dynamics of turbulent flow: resolves the vertical structu...

This paper deals with violent discontinuities in shallow water flows with large Froude number F . On a horizontal base, the paradigm problem is that of the impact of two fluid layers in situations where the flow can be modelled as two smooth regions joined by a singularity in the flow field. Within the framework of shallow water theory we show that, over a certain timescale, this discontinuity ...

The hydrostatic equations for ice sheet flow offer improved fidelity compared with the shallow ice approximation and shallow stream approximation popular in today’s ice sheet models. Nevertheless, they present a serious bottleneck because they require the solution of a 3D nonlinear system, as opposed to the 2D system present in the shallow stream approximation. This 3D system is posed on high-a...