This paper introduces the idea of using the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence with qualitative values. Dempster-Shafer theory is a formalism for reasoning under uncertainty which may be viewed as a generalisation of probability theory with special advantages in its treatment of ambiguous data and the ignorance arising from it. Here we are interested in applying the theory when the numbers that...

How to measure gain from the use of intelligent inference ? How can the complexity of the recognition/ classification task be estimated? What is the type of evidence which best suits an .inference mechanism? These questions are addressed here in their theoretical and methodological aspects. Their practical implications are demonstrated with 'real' crop mapping task. For this purpose, simple rul...

In recent years attempts were made to extend the equilibrium existence results of Gale and Mas-Colell (1975, J. Math. Econ. 2, 9 15) and Shafer and Sonnenschein (1975, J. Math. Econ. 2, 345 348) to continuum economies. Here it is shown that the usual conditions used for these attempts force the ``preferred to'' correspondence to be empty-valued almost everywhere on the nonatomic part of the mea...

Since the basic probability of an interval-valued belief structure (IBS) is assigned as interval number, its combination becomes difficult. Especially, when dealing with highly conflicting IBSs, most existing methods may cause counter-intuitive results, which can bring extra heavy computational burden due to nonlinear optimization model, and lose good property associativity commutativity in Dem...

<span lang="EN-US">MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus) is a respiratory syndrome disease caused by the coronavirus which attacks tract from mild to severe. MERS-CoV was first reported in Saudi Arabia; total cases of have continued increase. In Indonesia, enters through pilgrimage Hajj and Umrah. But not many people know about this its symptoms. For reason, an expert sy...