Analyzing paper-based election ballots requires finding all marks added to the base ballot. The position, size, shape, rotation and shade of these marks are not known a priori. Scanned ballot images have additional differences from the base ballot due to scanner noise. Different image processing techniques are evaluated to see under what conditions they are able to detect what sorts of marks. B...

Objectives. To assess visually color-matching and blending-effect (BE) of a universal shade bulk-fill-resin-composite placed in resin-composite-models with different shades and cavity sizes and in natural teeth (extracted and patients' teeth). Materials and Methods. Resin-composite-discs (10 mm × 1 mm) were prepared of universal shade composite and resin-composite of shades: A1, A2, A3, A3.5, a...

(Seedling growth of fifteen Brazilian tropical tree species differing in successional status). Growth of seedlings of fifteen tropical tree species representative, at the adult stage, of different successional positions, was studied under field conditions. Seedlings were grown in three treatments: full sun (FS), artificial shade imposed by neutral screens (AS) and natural shade imposed by a clo...

Water deÞcit and shade stress in weed-infested crops could alter plant growth and biochemistry and feeding and oviposition by the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exiguaHübner. Palmer amaranthpigweed,Amaranthus palmeriS.Wats.,was grownunder 25%of fullwatering(waterdeÞcit), 30% of full light (shade), or combined stress. All treatments decreased plant height andweight. Shade and combined stresses decrea...

Shade avoidance is an ecologically and molecularly well-understood set of plant developmental responses that occur when the ratio of red to far-red light (R:FR) is reduced as a result of foliar shade. Here, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Arabidopsis thaliana was used to identify variants underlying one of these responses: increased hypocotyl elongation. Four hypocotyl phenotypes were...

This article focuses on Turkish girls who wear the veil and their sense of belonging in Germany. Data was collected five different cities federal state North Rhein Westphalia from were 13 to 21 years old. Focus group interviews, socio-economic questionnaire life history interviews source for data. The data analysed with Grounded Theory (Charmaz 2019). analysis interprets how being Muslim, weari...

This paper proposes a model of human uniqueness based on an unusual distinction between two contrasted kinds of political competition and political status: (1) antagonistic competition, in quest of dominance (antagonistic status), a zero-sum, self-limiting game whose stake--who takes what, when, how--summarizes a classical definition of politics (Lasswell 1936), and (2) synergistic competition,...

The intrinsic hardware imperfection of WiFi chipsets manifests itself in the transmitted signal, leading to a unique radiometric (radio frequency) fingerprint. This fingerprint can be used as an additional means authentication enhance security. In this paper, we prove analytically and experimentally that these solutions are highly vulnerable impersonation attacks. We also demonstrate such devic...