Cancers are characterized by dysregulation of multiple signaling pathways and thus monotherapies are hardly effective. Neuroblastoma, which often occurs in adrenal glands, is the most common childhood malignancy. Malignant neuroblastoma resists traditional treatments and further studies are needed for effective therapeutic interventions. We evaluated synergistic efficacy of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ...

SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells express muscarinic M3 receptors as well as insulin receptors, thus offering the opportunity to investigate possible cross-talk following activation of two distinct intracellular signal transduction pathways that convert the precursor phosphatidylinositol (PI) to its 3' phosphate or its 4' phosphate, respectively. In this study, the effect of carbachol on insuli...

In the present study, we aim to define the cytoprotective mechanism of ()schisandrin B [()Sch B] in comparison with other phytochemicals in SH-SY5Y cells. The effects of ()Sch B and curcumin (Cur), resveratrol (Rev) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on -amyloid (A)-induced apoptosis were investigated in SH-SY5Y cells. Cellular reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and peroxide-induced GSH dep...

Chemoresistance is a major problem during cancer treatment. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter efflux is mainly responsible for this chemotherapeutics resistance of the tumour cells. We have recently observed that in the presence of statins SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells show enhanced susceptibility to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis which cannot be explained by simple additivity. In order to mo...

Many physiological functions of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been reported in mammalian cells over the last 20 years. These physiological effects have been ascertained through in vitro treatment of cells with Na2S or NaHS, both of which are precursors of H2S. Since H2S exists as HS- in a neutral solution, a disulfide compound such as cystine could react with HS- in culture medium as well as in t...

Beta-amyloid (Aβ ) neurotoxicity is important in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Aβ neurotoxicity causes oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial damage resulting in neuronal degeneration and death. Oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial failure are also pathophysiological mechanisms of type 2 diabetes (T(2)DM) which is characterized by insulin resistance. Interestingly...

Contrary to malignant brain tumors arising in adults such as glioma, neuroblastoma develops in young children and is the most common aggressive cancer diagnosed in the first year after birth. Neuroblastoma is an embryonic tumor originating from the migratory neural crest and arises in tissues of the sympathetic nervous system (Maris, N. Engl. Because of its origin, neuroblastoma exhibits a larg...

Recently, increasing numbers of cell culture experiments with 3D spheroids presented better correlating results in vivo than traditional 2D cell culture systems. 3D spheroids could offer a simple and highly reproducible model that would exhibit many characteristics of natural tissue, such as the production of extracellular matrix. In this paper numerous cell lines were screened and selected dep...

We investigated the effect of retinoic acid (RA) and herbimycin A (herb-A) on cell growth, cell differentiation, and colony formation of human neuroblastoma cell lines. The neuroblastoma line SK-N-SH expressed both neuroblast and nonneuronal phenotypes, whereas its subclone SH-SY5Y and the Kelly cell line were predominantly neuroblastic. Both herb-A and RA, given alone, moderately reduced cell ...

Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β mediates amyloid-beta (Aβ) and oxidative stress-induced neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative disorders. Natural products with antioxidant activity, such as Sargassum (S.) oligocystum may modulate GSK-3β enzyme and protect against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Therefore, we aimed to assess the neuroprotective effects of a methanolic extract of S. oligocystum against A...