countries around the world are experiencing an ever-increasing need to make choices in investments in health and healthcare. this makes it incumbent upon them to have formal processes in place to optimize the legitimacy of eventual decisions. there is now growing experience among countries of the implementation of stakeholder participation, and a developing convergence of methods to support dec...

a b s t r a c t there are three types of nerve fibers that are involved in the transmission of pain stimuli: c fibers (slower fibers) for thermal, mechanical and chemical stimuli, a-delta fibers for thermal or mechanical stimuli and a-beta fibers for touch stimuli. clinically, this is crucial in making an accurate assessment of the pain level experienced by a suffering patient, in indicating th...

PURPOSE To estimate the frequency of use of pressure-redistributing support surfaces (PRSS) among hip fracture patients and to determine whether higher pressure ulcer risk is associated with greater PRSS use. DESIGN AND METHODS Patients (n = 658) aged >or=65 years who had surgery for hip fracture were examined by research nurses at baseline and on alternating days for 21 days. Information on ...

A 7-year-old girl presented in semicomatose condition. She had received a ventriculoperitoneal shunt using a Codman-Hakim programmable valve. Head computed tomography demonstrated hydrocephalus and head radiography showed that the pressure setting of the shunt valve had changed to 60 mmH(2)O from 40 mmH(2)O. The pressure setting was returned to 40 mmH(2)O, and she was discharged because her cli...

The protoliths of metamorphosed argillaceous rocks from the Garmichay area in the East Azerbaijan province of NW Iran were clay-rich sediments of reworked nature, originating most likely from an andesite to andesite-basalt source and deposited in an active continental margin tectonic setting. The protoliths of the Garmichay metapelites experienced low to moderate chemical weathering. Andalusite...

Background: Our aim was to evaluate the effect of intravenous intralipid administration as an antidote on the poisoned patients' Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), hemodynamic parameters, arterial blood gas analysis, and routine metabolic profile tests (i.e. urea, glucose, sodium, and potassium) in the setting of non-local anesthetic drug overdose. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, a tota...

This article examines the causes of pressure ulcers and provides an overview of the best advice available in preventing them in the clinical setting. This should enable nurses to provide more effective interventions for preventing patients from developing pressure ulcers.

Monitoring of hemodynamic and mechanical parameters of the heart are reviewed. Clinical methodologies are discussed along with tools used in a research setting. Specifically, these include: arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, mixed venous oxygen saturation, cardiac output, pressure–volume loops, flow monitoring, and Frank–Starling curves. These parameter...

The main objective of this work is to propose a mathematical model for the differential sticking coefficient of clayey drilling fluids with a lubricant as an additive and evaluate the influence of differential pressure and lubricant content on filter cake thickness and permeability. Tests were carried out on fluids composed of water and 4.86% of active bentonite clay prepared in Hamilton Beach ...

PURPOSE Impacts on hemolysis and backflow using a non-occlusive setting with the Better-Header (BH) roller pump were investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Pump flow of a non-occlusion setting was measured with a pump speed of 3 L/min and 5 L/min against various after-loads. With the non-occlusive setting (BH-NO350), backflow was less than 10% if the pump pressure head was <300 mmHg. When the outl...