Background: Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) caused by Fowl adeno virus (FAdV), is a re-emerging threat to broilers causing considerable economic loss poultry industry worldwide. Methods: The present study investigated the IBH outbreaks in commercial broiler flocks from different regions of India between 2019- and 2021 identified serotypes associated with it molecular characterization hexon gene ...

BACKGROUND We sought to characterize the temporal trends in nasopharyngeal carriage of macrolide-resistant pneumococci during a period with increased heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) coverage in Central Greece. METHODS Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were recovered from 2649 nasopharyngeal samples obtained from day-care center attendees in Central Greece during 2005-2009. A...

BACKGROUND Six serotypes of Porphyromonas gingivalis have recently been described. We sought to test the hypothesis that serotype specific carbohydrates from these strains are important antigens that elicit potent immune responses. METHODS Serum concentrations of IgG reactive with P. gingivalis serotypes K1-K6 were determined for 28 adult (AP) and 28 generalized early-onset (G-EOP) periodonti...

Fecal swabs obtained from 1,300 healthy lambs in 93 flocks in Spain in 1997 were examined for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). STEC O157:H7 strains were isolated from 5 (0.4%) animals in 4 flocks, and non-O157 STEC strains were isolated from 462 (36%) lambs in 63 flocks. A total of 384 ovine STEC strains were characterized in this study. PCR showed that 213 (55%) strains carried t...

BACKGROUND The distribution of pneumococcal serotypes implicated in non-invasive community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults is currently unknown. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study was conducted over 2 years in a large U.K. teaching hospital trust. Urine samples, in addition to routine blood and sputum samples, were obtained from consecutive adults admitted to the hospital wit...

We present a case of invasive pneumococcal infection in a healthy 10-month-old infant from whom Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 23F was isolated from the blood and serotype 23B was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid. Both serotypes were penicillin nonsusceptible. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated that the two serotypes had distinct DNA patterns, indicating that infecti...

BACKGROUND Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major causative agent of severe infections, including sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media, that has since become a major public health concern. In this study, the serotypes distribution of pneumococcal isolates was investigated to predict the efficacy of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) among the Malaysian populations. MET...

UNLABELLED The structures of Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) are essential for defining the antigenic as well as genetic relationships between CPS serotypes. The four serotypes that comprise CPS serogroup 35 (i.e., types 35F, 35A, 35B, and 35C) are known to cross-react with genetically related type 20, 29, 34, 42, or 47F. While the structures of CPS serotype 35A (CPS35A...

BACKGROUND Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) reduce nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine-serotype pneumococci but increase in the carriage of non-vaccine serotypes. We studied the epidemiology of carriage among children 3-59 months old before vaccine introduction in Kilifi, Kenya. METHODS In a rolling cross-sectional study from October 2006 to December 2008 we approached 3570 healthy childr...

Antibody responses to a 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine for Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 6B, 14, 19F, and 23F in 84 patients with chronic pulmonary diseases over a 2-year period after vaccination were examined by using a third-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Of these patients, 28 (31%) were low responders who had developed increases of at least twofold in the levels of seroty...