The herein presented assay provided a bacteriological and molecular characterization of 100 samples of L. monocytogenes isolated from human (43) and food (57) sources, from several regions of Brazil, and collected between 1975 and 2013. Antigenic characterization defined 49% of serotype 4b samples, followed by 28% of serotype 1/2b, 14% of serotype 1/2c, 8% of serotype 1/2a, and 1% of serotype 3...

Background. The development of a pneumococcal vaccine with serotype-independent activity is relevant for the whole world, as this due to high prevalence Streptococcus pneumoniae ( S. ), constant change pathogen serotypes and growth antibiotic-resistant strains. In previous experiments, we revealed protective effect immunization recombinant pneumolysin (rPly) in model systemic infection caused b...

Background: Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) caused by Fowl adeno virus (FAdV), is a re-emerging threat to broilers causing considerable economic loss poultry industry worldwide. Methods: The present study investigated the IBH outbreaks in commercial broiler flocks from different regions of India between 2019- and 2021 identified serotypes associated with it molecular characterization hexon gene ...

The study was conducted to determine the type, frequency and severity of gross, histopathologic changes, effect of route of infection and also, tissue tropism of serotype 793/B (4/91) infectious bronchitis virus. 20 day-old specific pathogen free chicks were inoculated intra-tracheally and intra-orally with 793/B serotype and lesions studied histopathologically at interval up to 10 days post-in...

Introduction: Calf diarrhea is one of the significant problems in dairy farms associated with treatment costs and reduced livestock production. Salmonellae are among the most common and the major causative agents of diarrhea in calves and humans. The present study was carried out to isolate and identify Salmonella in fecal samples of calves in industrial dairy farms of Hamedan and to determine ...

BACKGROUND Conjugate vaccines, such as the 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7), alter serotype nasopharyngeal carriage, potentially increasing cases of otitis media by non-vaccine serotypes. METHODS All paediatric middle ear fluid (MEF) isolates received in the Spanish Reference Laboratory for Pneumococci through a passive, laboratory-based surveillance system from January 1997 to June 2009 wer...

Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic invasive foodborne pathogen. Here, we performed whole-genome sequencing of L. monocytogenes strain F4244 (serotype 4b) using Illumina sequencing. The sequence showed 94.5% identity with strain F2365, serotype 4b, and 90.6% with EGD-e, serotype 1/2a.

From 1996 to 2003, 16 outbreaks of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infections in the United States and on cruise ships were confirmed. E. coli serotype O169:H41 was identified in 10 outbreaks and was the only serotype in 6. This serotype was identified in 1 of 21 confirmed ETEC outbreaks before 1996.

We read the article of Jacobs et al. (3) with interest. The authors reported they could identify serotype 6C Streptococcus pneumoniae using factor 6d, which was developed by Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. We immunized a rabbit with one serotype 6C isolate identified with a monoclonal antibody (MAb6C) in the U.S. lab in which the new type was found. Based on absorption with serotyp...

BACKGROUND The introduction of the 7-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7) in children may result in serotype replacement. We estimated the rate of increase of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by serotype 19A in children <5 years old and determined the genetic composition of these isolates. METHODS Cases of IPD between July 1999 and June 2004 were identified through the Activ...