OBJECTIVE To assess the level of medical staff awareness of bacterial resistance and characterize the most common resistant bacterial species, the factors contributing to the development of such resistance, and the possible measures to limit the increasing rate of resistance to current antibacterial therapies. METHOD A questionnaire was administered to 352 health care professionals including ...

The objective of the present study was to determine the grades of nonspecific bacterial infection of genitalia of repeat breeding cattle by a simple and rapid test under field condition. For this purpose, a total of 100 crossbred Jersey cows comprising of 80 repeat breeding animals presented for treatment and 20 normal cyclic (control group) animals presented for artificial insemination at thei...

BACKGROUND Viral central nervous system (CNS) infections are common in countries where malaria is endemic but, due to limited laboratory facilities, few studies have systematically examined the prevalence and clinical consequences of the presence of viruses in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from children with suspected CNS infection. METHODS We performed a prospective study of Papua New Guinean ch...

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a versatile human pathogen potentially leading to a diverse array of infections once the natural skin and mucosal barriers are breached (1). Besides minor skin and wound infections it is also a frequent cause of serious and life-threatening diseases such as pneumonia, endocarditis, arthritis, sepsis, peritonitis and osteomyelitis (2, 3). For the understand...

Bacterial vaginosis is the common vaginal infection among women of reproductive age, with incidence varying from 15-65 Many serious obstetric and gynaecological complications have also been associated with bacterial vaginosis. Bacterial vaginosis is found to be a critical risk factor found associated with recurrent even mortality: as such management of women with recurrent urinary tract infecti...

BACKGROUND Early recognition and prompt and appropriate antibiotic treatment can significantly reduce mortality from serious bacterial infections (SBI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of five markers of infection: C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), CD163 and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), as m...

Emerging infectious diseases are a serious threat to wildlife populations, and there is growing evidence that host microbiomes play important roles in infection dynamics, possibly even mitigating diseases. Nevertheless, most research on this topic has focused only bacterial microbiomes, while fungal have been largely neglected. To help fill gap our knowledge, we examined both the of four sympat...

The seemingly inexorable spread of antibiotic resistance genes among microbial pathogens now threatens the long-term viability of our current antimicrobial therapy to treat severe bacterial infections such as sepsis. Antibiotic resistance is reaching a crisis situation in some bacterial pathogens where few therapeutic alternatives remain and pan-resistant strains are becoming more prevalent. No...

Patients with cirrhosis of liver are at risk of developing serious bacterial infections due to altered immune defenses. Despite the widespread use of broad spectrum antibiotics, bacterial infection is responsible for up to a quarter of the deaths of patients with liver disease. Cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleed have a considerably higher incidence of bacterial infections particular...

A practice guideline for the management of febrile infants and children younger than three years of age sparked controversy when it was published in 1993. Surveys indicate that many office-based physicians do not agree with recommendations for venipuncture and bladder catheterization in nontoxic febrile children, and that many employ watchful waiting rather than empiric antibiotic therapy. Surv...