An experimental study is carried out to investigate engine performance parameters and methods of reducing emissions from spark ignition engine. The used engine is four stroke four cylinder naturally aspirated spark ignition engine with compression ratio of 9, bore diameter of 80 mm and stroke of 90 mm. The engine performance parameters are presented with and without exhaust gases recirculation ...

Public service fleets offer an attractive option for introducing new renewable fuels on a large scale, which allow for the reduction of both greenhouse gas emissions and exhaust air pollutants. This study examines the use of biomethane (bio-CNG) and compressed natural gas (CNG) for part of the bus fleet in Dublin, Ireland. The emissions produced from the 2008 fleet based at one of the city’s se...

introduction nowadays, due to higher environmental pollution and decreasing fossil fuels many countries make decisions to use renewable fuels and restrict using of fossil fuels. renewable fuels generally produce from biological sources. biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel derived from the transesterification of vegetable oils, animal fats, or waste frying oils. considering the differences be...

Understanding the mixing process of under-expanded gaseous-fuel jets from an outward opening injector is essential for developing Direct Injection (DI) internal combustion engines. This paper presents a Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) study DI methane into Constant Volume Chamber (CVC), considering full, geometry prototype injector. Four cases at conditions relevant to Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) ...

Calcium permeability and the concomitant calcium block of monovalent ion current ("Ca(2+) block") are properties of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel fundamental to visual and olfactory signal transduction. Although most CNG channels bear a conserved glutamate residue crucial for Ca(2+) block, the degree of block displayed by different CNG channels varies greatly. For instance, the Drosophi...

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of genetically heterogeneous, severe retinal diseases commonly leading to legal blindness. Mutations in the CNGB1a subunit of the rod cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel have been found to cause RP in patients. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of gene therapy as a potential treatment for RP by means of recombinant adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors in t...

Investigations are carried out to evaluate the performance of a low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine consisting of air gap insulated piston with 3mm air gap, with superni 2/4(an alloy of nickel) crown and air gap insulated liner with superni insert with different operating conditions of crude pongamia oil (CPO) with varied injection pressure and injection timing. Performance parameters of are...

The negative effect of liquid and gaseous fuel combustion is toxic gases (i.e., carbon nitrogen oxides NOx) particulate matter (PM) formation. content harmful components exhaust strongly dependent on the quality type burnt fuel. Experimental research required to verify use current technical technological solutions for production electricity farms, using various types conventional fuels biofuels...

This paper focuses on enhancing the effectiveness of filter feature selection models from two aspects. First, feature-searching engine is modified based on optimization theory. Second, a point injection strategy is designed to improve the regularization capability of feature selection. The second topic is important, because overfitting is usually experienced. To evaluate the proposed strategies...