there is less published research about how teachers in efl contexts respond to students who are relatively less mature and less competent l2 writers. while writing researchers have examined various issues concerning peer and teacher response in writing-oriented classes, little research has centered on the effect of collaborative tasks particularly dictogloss on writing skills. output collaborat...

within communicative, interactive, and learner-centered framework of language teaching and learning, students need to learn four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing for their educational success. but of all the language skills, reading enjoys a paramount significance in so many second or foreign language academic contexts. in spite of its importance, language learners still have...

as some definitions show, idioms are expressions whose meanings cannot be obtained from individual words. in every society, people use their own conceptions and feelings through different idioms and expressions. so every culture and society has their own idioms. some scholars proposed methods for translating idioms but baker’s strategies are very important and constructive. this research tried ...

in new management approaches, in the organizations with inflexible structure, existing of red tapes and interruptions caused by limitations and also non-compliance with environmental changes, create demotivation among staff. with regard to the influence of job motivational potential and its relationship to the type of organizational structure( enabling and dissuasive), the goal of this research...

To study the grain yield stability of winter type canola cultivars (Brassica napus L.) in multiple environments, 18 winter type canola cultivars were evaluated in a complete randomized block design with four replications. The study was conducted in two years and eight cold and temperate regions of Iran. Simple and combined analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes. M...

this study investigated how group formation method, namely student-selected vs. teacher-assigned, influences the results of the community model of teaching creative writing; i.e., group dynamics and group outcome (the quality of performance). the study adopted an experimental comparison group and microgenetic research design to observe the change process over a relatively short period of time. ...

To obtain high yield and stable genotypes, 18 durum wheat cultivars and promising lines along with two commercial durum (Behrang) and bread wheat (Chamran) as check cultivars, were evaluated in four warm and dry regions in Iran including Darab, Ahvaz, Khoramabad and Dezful during two cropping seasons (2013-2015). The experiments were conducted as a RCBD with three replications. Seed yield and s...

To investigate the effect of different levels of salinity on yield of three cultivars of cotton, an experiment was performed for two years (2008-2009) as split plot, based on randomized complete blocks design with four replications, at Rudasht Agricultural Research Station, Isfahan Province, Iran. To prepare the salinity levels, mixtures of well water, Zayandehrud river water and drainage water...

the frame semantic theory is a nascent approach in the area of translation studies which goes beyond the linguistic barriers and helps us to incorporate cognitive and cultural factors to the study of translation. based on rojos analytical model (2002b), which centered in the frames or knowledge structures activated in the text, the present research explores the various translation problems that...

Assessment of the stability and adaptability of a genotype to different environments is useful for recommending cultivars for known conditions and is one of the requirements in plant breeding programs. Considering the inherent climatic diversity in Iran, recognition of genotype by environment interaction is important. In this study ten oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes were tested at six environm...