Infection of cattle by bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) can lead to upper respiratory tract disorders, conjunctivitis, genital disorders and immune suppression. BHV-1-induced immune suppression initiates bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), which costs the US cattle industry approximately 3 billion dollars annually. BHV-1 encodes at least three proteins that can inhibit specific arms of ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of puberty on peripheral nerve function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Of 138 eligible patients with type 1 diabetes, 100 patients (age >9 years and diabetes duration >2 years) attending an outpatient diabetes clinic and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects took part in this cross-sectional study. Peripheral motor...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We conducted this retrospective study to evaluate the clinical, neuroradiological, and neurophysiological findings in patients with pure sensory stroke due to pontine lacuna. SUMMARY OF REPORT Four patients with pontine lacuna, three men and one woman (mean age, 64.5 years; range, 55 to 75 years), were evaluated. Magnetic resonance images were obtained with a 0.5-T supe...

BACKGROUND Nerve conduction studies are an invaluable aid to investigate and quantify the physiological activity of peripheral nerves. These include measurement of sensory and motor conduction velocities and latencies of peripheral nerves. These nerve conduction parameters may be affected by anthropometric factors like age, sex, height, weight and BMI. In this observational study the impact of ...

PURPOSE To identify whether static and dynamic aspects of accommodation other than accuracy are deficient in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and whether poor accommodation is related to sensory or motor pathway deficits. METHODS Static aspects of accommodation (maximum accommodative response and lag) were measured with an autorefractor for both proximal and minus lens demands. Dynamic asp...

Ascending sensory inputs arriving in layer 1 of the neocortex carry crucial signals for detecting salient information; but how the inputs are processed in layer 1 is unknown. Using a whole-cell in vivo recording technique targeting nonpyramidal neurons in layer 1 and tuft dendrites of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in layers 1-2, we examined the processing of these ascending sensory inputs in the ba...

Herpes simplex virus is most probably maintained in the ganglion neurons of the peripheral nervous system of humans in a latent form that can reactivate to produce recurrent disease. As an approximation of this cell-virus interaction, we have constructed a herpes simplex virus latency in vitro model system using human fetus sensory neurons as the host cell. Human fetus neurons were characterize...

The etiology of painful diabetic neuropathy is poorly understood, but may result from neuronal hyperexcitability secondary to alterations of Ca2+ signaling in sensory neurons. The naturally occurring amino acid taurine functions as an osmolyte, antioxidant, Ca2+ modulator, inhibitory neurotransmitter, and analgesic such that its depletion in diabetes may predispose one to neuronal hyperexcitabi...

It is well known that many stimulus parameters, such as sound location in the auditory system or contrast in the visual system, can modulate the timing of the first spike in sensory neurons. Could first-spike latency be a candidate neural code? Most studies measuring first-spike latency information assume that the brain has an independent reference for stimulus onset from which to extract laten...

The performance of existing machine vision systems still significantly lags that of a biological vision. The two most critical features presently missing from the machine vision are low latency processing and toppdow1z sensory aduptation. This thesis proposes to overcome these two deficiencies by implementing global operations in computational sensors. Computational se.nsors incorporate computa...