This paper provides an answer to the question, are emission taxes an efficient and self-enforcing mechanism to control correlated externality problems? By “correlated externalities” we mean multiple pollutants that are jointly produced by a single source but which cause differentiated regional and global externalities. By “self-enforcing” we mean a mechanism that accounts for the endogeneity th...

Integrating housing tenure in Instrumental Motivation Theory predicts a tenure gap in electoral participation, as homeowners would be more motivated to vote compared with tenants. The empirical question is whether this effect is causal or rather due to selection into different housing tenures. This question is tackled using coarsened exact matching (CEM) on data for 19 countries, allowing us to...

Using a proprietary database of institutional investor bidding for shares in Chinese IPO allocations, we examine the information content and predictive ability of bidding dispersion. IPOs with higher levels of bid dispersion experience greater first-day return than other IPOs by discounting the offer price as a compensation for investors’ bearing valuation uncertainty and estimation risk, as we...

Abstract Scholars have debated whether executive power sharing can secure peace in multiethnic states, but concerns about endogeneity due to reverse causation render this a difficult problem for empirical analyses. In the absence of suitable instrumental variable, I explore an actor-based approach by studying simple formal model. This highlights conditions under which governments are likely sha...

Abstract The discussion of “whether it pays to be green” is ongoing. This review does not intend solve the debate, rather soothes by contributing concept “when green.” By focusing on shortcomings existing literature reviews topic corporate sustainability and financial performance (CSFP) in this hybrid review, issues were identified that had been overlooked earlier. In general, CSFP holds a posi...

T are many critical concerns (including the accounting for endogeneity) when one is properly estimating response functions. However, it is sometimes (certainly not always) better to leave some variables exogenous when building mathematical models intended to help decision makers. The exogenous variables allow the decision maker to better adapt the mathematical model to different situations and ...

aim and background: self-assertiveness is one of the ten life skills and its achievement is necessary in order to have a good and favorable life. precise measurement of these features and decision-making are necessary to promote it; therefore, the present study aimed to construct and review the quality of psychometric assessment of self-assertiveness scale in students of isfahan university of m...

Many randomized controlled trials require participants to opt in. Such selfselection could introduce a potential bias, because only the most optimistic may participate. We revisit this prediction. We argue that in many situations, the experimental intervention is competing with alternative interventions participants could conduct themselves outside the experiment. Since participants have a chan...

This paper presents a Bayesian analysis of an ordered probit model with endogenous selection. The model can be applied when analyzing ordered outcomes that depend on endogenous covariates that are discrete choice indicators modeled by a multinomial probit model. The model is illustrated by analyzing the effects of different types of medical insurance plans on the level of hospital utilization, ...

We consider estimation of panel data models with sample selection when the equation of interest contains endogenous explanatory variables as well as unobserved heterogeneity. We offer a detailed analysis of the pooled two-stage least squares (pooled 2SLS) and fixed effects-2SLS (FE-2SLS) estimators and discuss complications in correcting for selection biases that arise when instruments are corr...