OBJECTIVES Reflecting on the self and on others activates specific brain areas and contributes to metacognition and social cognition. The aim of the current study is to investigate brain activation during self- and other-reflection in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). In addition, we examined whether potential abnormal brain activation in BD patients could distinguish BD from patients with s...

Experiments performed primarily with adults show that self-distancing facilitates adaptive self-reflection. However, no research has investigated whether adolescents spontaneously engage in this process or whether doing so is linked to adaptive outcomes. In this study, 226 African American adolescents, aged 11-20, reflected on an anger-related interpersonal experience. As expected, spontaneous ...

Background and aims Internet gaming addiction appears to be related to self-concept deficits and increased angular gyrus (AG)-related identification with one's avatar. For increased social network use, a few existing studies suggest striatal-related positive social feedback as an underlying factor. However, whether an impaired self-concept and its reward-based compensation through the online pr...

There are two basic categories of reflection, according to where the learner reflects on. In self-reflection, the learner reflects on her/his own actions, while in comparative reflection the learner reflects on others’ actions. We propose an alternative reflection type, as a subcategory of the comparative reflection, the analogical reflection. In analogical reflection, students reflect on analo...

Despite widespread and long-standing commitment to the notion of critical reflection across the healthcare professions, it is unusual for the theory and practice of critical reflection to be taught as a subject in Higher Education. There is good evidence to show that reflective techniques such as critical portfolios and reflective diaries can help students to consolidate and assess their learni...

Although recent findings indicate that people can reflect either adaptively or maladaptively over negative experiences, extant research has not examined how culture influences this process. We compared the self-reflective practices of Russians (members of an interdependent culture characterized by a tendency to brood) and Americans (members of an independent culture in which self-reflection has...

Self-management in health contexts requires patients to manage their own goal setting. Time series visualizations improve understanding of time-oriented data. But how they and interactions with them can support reflection and goal setting in selfmanagement is poorly understood. We compare findings from interviews with a health care professional and three stroke survivors on goal setting and ref...

In this study we investigate the effect of modeling type and reflection on the acquisition of dart-throwing skills, selfefficacy beliefs and self-reaction scores by replicating a study by Kitsantas, Zimmerman, and Cleary (2000). Participants observing a coping model were expected to surpass participants observing a mastery model who in turn were expected to outperform participants who learned w...