Many techniques have been proposed in recent years for in situ soil characterization, and among them, acoustic methods have been revealed to be particularly promising. These methods are based on measurements of the propagation velocities of seismic, sonic, and ultrasonic waves. However, in granular and porous mediums, velocities depend on the state of the saturation of the soil in a complex and...

Millions of financial losses and thousands of people which die are due to earthquakes that happen every now and then in all corners of the world. Safety against the hazards of earthquake relates to two basic factors: safety of the structure and site. Site's conditions play an important role in damages of structures. This factor has a geotechnical cause and could be appeared as seismic wave ampl...

earthquakes could have catastrophic impacts on tunnels and buried structures. liquefaction phenomenon is one of the most destructive effects of earthquakes. liquefaction results in decreasing effective stress and this consequently leads to decreases in shear strength of the soil. as a result, large deformation in both soil and buried structure occurs. moreover, liquefaction causes soil boiling,...

To improve our understanding of nonlinear elastic properties of soils, a method is proposed of estimation of stress-strain relations of soils in situ in strong ground motion based on vertical array data. Strong motion records provided by seismic vertical arrays allow estimation of nonlinear stressstrain relations in soil layers at different depths, from the surface down to the location of the d...

With recent changes to the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) in 2005 there has been an increasing demand for site classification based on dynamic shear wave velocity measurements of soil and rock. There are three seismic methods typically used for the NBCC seismic site classification; multichannel analysis of surface waves, vertical seismic profiling, and crosshole seismic testing. Typica...

Damage due to earthquake is commonly related to substantial direct and indirect losses, highlighting the need for damage detection and retrofit prioritization based on the results of the seismic risk assessment of the road network. In this context, numerous methodologies have been developed for the seismic vulnerability assessment of bridges for different levels of seismic hazard using fragilit...

Many commonly used shallow seismic sources are unacceptable for hazardous waste site investigations because they risk exhumation of contaminants in the soil, they add contaminants (e.g. lead) which are not allowed by regulations, or they add new migration paths for contaminants. Furthermore, recently developed high frequency vibrators for shallow investigations could be more effective at some s...

A well-developed soil structure is a key attribute of productive and functioning soil. Evidence shows that subtle changes in the spatial arrangement binding constituents impart large mechanical hydraulic properties associated ecological services. However, these features remain difficult to quantify at scales relevant for agricultural management. In this work, we propose pedophysical model inter...