The structure of the monoid of autarkies for clause-sets is investigated (autarkies are generalizations of satisfying (truth) assignments). The notion of a \plain clause-set" is introduced, where every clause is usable by some resolution refutation, and it is shown that a clause-set is plain ii it has no non-trivial autarky. Every clause-set has a unique decomposition into a plain sub-clause-se...

OBJECTIVE To examine the consumption of plain water among children in France and compare total water intakes with guidelines issued by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). DESIGN Nationally representative data were used to assess food, beverage and water consumption by sex, age group (4-8 years, 9-13 years), income-to-poverty ratio, eating occasion and location. Beverages were classifie...

BACKGROUND Aspirin is associated with gastrointestinal side effects such as gastric ulcers, gastric bleeding and dyspepsia. High-dose effervescent calcium carbasalate (ECC), a buffered formulation of aspirin, is associated with reduced gastric toxicity compared with plain aspirin in healthy volunteers, but at lower cardiovascular doses no beneficial effects were observed. AIM To compare the p...

in this research 220 rhizobial bacteria were isolated from two lentil dryland farming flat plains of moghan and koohin. they were then tested in vivo as well as in vitro to make assurance of 184 purified strains of rhizobium leguminosarum biovar vicial (lentil). btb +yma culture media with different levels of salinity through nacl (10, 20,30,40,50ds/m) application were used in salinity toleranc...

the revival of chalcolithic sites have a particular importance in tracing the settlement patterns of the region, in the aegis of special biological features and replacing in environmental elements. by depicting the special features, the characteristics of plain of hamedan and its strength in northern plain (kaboodarhang) must be hinted. this plain is determined as a joint fund between central z...

Across the entire distribution of a species, populations may have variable responses to environmental perturbations. Many bat species experience mortality in large portions of their range during hibernation and along migratory paths to and from wintering grounds, from White-nose syndrome (WNS) and wind energy development, respectively. In some areas, warm temperatures may allow bats to remain a...

BACKGROUND In December 2012, Australia introduced world-first legislation mandating plain packaging for all tobacco products. To date, there is very little evidence on youth responses to the changed packs. AIM To assess attitudes towards, and responses to, tobacco plain packs preimplementation and postimplementation. METHODS The Tobacco Promotion Impact Study (TPIS) was a yearly cross-secti...

Recently, a novel image encryption scheme based on improved hyperchaotic sequences was proposed. A pseudorandom number sequence, generated by a hyper-chaos system, is used to determine two involved encryption functions, bitwise exclusive or (XOR) operation and modulo addition. It was reported that the scheme can be broken with some pairs of chosen plain-images and the corresponding cipher-image...

In polyalphabetic substitution the plain text’s letters are enciphered differently according to their position. The name polyalphabetic suggests that there are more than one key so we have used two keys combination instead of just one, in order to produce the cipher text. We can also use three or more keys to make the enciphering process more complicated. In this paper have produced ASCII Codes...