Humans are metacognitive: they monitor and control their cognition. Our hypothesis was that neuronal correlates of metacognition reside in the same brain areas responsible for cognition, including frontal cortex. Recent work demonstrated that nonhuman primates are capable of metacognition, so we recorded from single neurons in the frontal eye field, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and supplemen...

Both the frontal eye fields (FEFs) and supplementary eye fields (SEFs) are known to be involved in smooth pursuit eye movements. It has been shown recently that stimulation of the smooth-pursuit area of the FEF [frontal pursuit area (FPA)] in monkey increases the pursuit response to unexpected changes in target motion during pursuit. In the current study, we applied transcranial magnetic stimul...

Neuronal activities were recorded in the supplementary eye field (SEF) of 3 macaque monkeys trained to perform antisaccades pseudorandomly interleaved with prosaccades, as instructed by the shape of a central fixation point. The prosaccade goal was indicated by a peripheral stimulus flashed anywhere on the screen, whereas the antisaccade goal was an unmarked site diametrically opposite the flas...

Background. The value of endoscopy in dyspeptic patients is questionable. Aims. To examine the prevalence of significant endoscopic findings (SEFs) and the utility of alarm features and age in predicting SEFs in outpatients with dyspepsia. Methods. A retrospective analysis of outpatient adults who had endoscopy for dyspepsia. Demographic variables, alarm features, and endoscopic findings were r...

Abstract Introduction With a range of interventions available for promoting physical activity (PA) and only limited resources, it has become imperative to identify those that are both effective feasible real world application. A number evaluation frameworks have been developed but often fail be widely implemented due the level information required time needed complete. The purpose this study is...

Abstract This study was aimed to produce pear cider (Perry), using small caliber pears cv Abate Fètel, fermented by Starmerella bacillaris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in co-inoculated (COF) sequential (SEF) mixed cultures comparison with S. monoculture fermentation (AXF), evaluating the influence of yeast starter on Perry characteristics. The perries were re-fermented bottle strain EC1118. Dur...

The s-process takes place in stellar environments with temperatures between 8 to 100 keV. In such a plasma the nuclei follow a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Reactions between nucei are characterized by a reaction rate that depends on the temperature of the stellar environment. Reaction rates based on experimental cross sections 〈σv〉 lab do not account for the thermal excitation of the nuclei....

Complex goal-directed behaviors extend over time and thus depend on the ability to serially order memories and assemble compound, temporally coordinated movements. Theories of sequential processing range from simple associative chaining to hierarchical models in which order is encoded explicitly and separately from sequence components. To examine how short-term memory and planning for sequences...

Abstract The dynamics of an asymmetric rainband complex leading into secondary eyewall formation (SEF) are examined in a simulation Hurricane Matthew (2016), with particular focus on the tangential wind field evolution. Prior to SEF, storm experiences axisymmetric broadening as stationary downshear quadrants intensifies. acceleration pattern that causes this is inward-descending structure posit...