Congestive heart failure (CHF) is mainly resulted from fibrosis heart. Accumulation collagen in heart fibrosis occurs as result from activity of myofibroblast [1-4]. Myofibroblast is throught to be driven by extracellular stimuli, transformation growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is one of major player. Interestingly, if the surrounding pathogenic factors are removed, myofibroblast has potential possibi...

The relationships between extracellular pH (pH,), intracellular pH (pH,), and loss of cell viability were evaluated in cultured rat hepatocytes after ATP depletion by metabolic inhibition with KCN and iodoacetate (chemical hypoxia). pHi was measured in single cells by ratio imaging of 2’,7’-biscarbox~-ethyl5,6-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) fluorescence using multiparameter digitized video microsco...

This short paper argues that economies cannot be simply viewed as the sum of well behaved but isolated individual decision makers. Even if we accept the notion of an equilibrium state, thinking about the economy as a global dynamic system, it may be true that there are several such equilibrium states. It may be the case that small changes in the parameters of the system result in a switch from ...

The Chernobyl accident was the inevitable outcome of a combination of bad design, bad management and bad communication practices in the Soviet nuclear industry. We review the causes of the accident. its impact on Soviet society. and its effects an the health of the population in the surrounding areas. It appears that the secrecy that was endemic in the USSR has bad profound negative ekcts an bo...

The 1149.1 TAP controller has proven to be an effective test interface for ICs on boards using its standard 4 pin interface (TCK, TMS, TDI, TDO). One of the most important features of the TAP is its Protocol, which provides an easy to follow Plug & Play IC test interface. This Protocol defines and enforces; (1) a Test Reset Mode, (2) a Run/Test Idle Mode, (3) an Instruction Scan Mode, and (4) a...

Genomic studies focus on key metabolites and pathways that, despite their obvious anthropocentric design, keep being 'predicted', while this is only finding again what is already known. As increasingly more genomes are sequenced, this lightpost effect may account at least in part for our failure to understand the function of a continuously growing number of genes. Core metabolism often goes ast...

In-development assessment of speech synthesis is inevitable in industrial contexts. However, there is a strong need to minimize expenditure. Therefore, we present an evaluation procedure which involves considerably less time than other evaluations and may be carried out under laboratory conditions. Furthermore, we compare groups of raters which differ with respect to their competence concerning...

In order to build embodied conversational agents that are able to communicate with the user in a more natural manner, the consideration of social aspects seems inevitable. One aspect of social interaction is the use of politeness strategies. In this paper, we report on a corpus study we conducted in order to shed light on the co-occurrence of gestures and verbal politeness strategies in face th...

Tfze claim is made that society is evolving from one whose formal communication patterns have~ for centuries, been based primarily on print on paper to one in which communication channels will be largely paperless (electronic). Some reasons why this transition seems inevitable are discussed. A scenario for a paperless communication system is presented, and some technological achievements that l...

Market transitions in the former Soviet Union and the Central and East European countries (the CEECs) have witnessed large-scale and widespread deterioration in social conditions (UNICEF, 1993, 1994, 1995; Milanovic, 1996). The worsening in social development indicators has been commonly viewed as an inevitable consequence of the severe economic decline as the concurrence of the two processes s...