Whistleblowing is a form of organizational dissent that is rarely successful, instead usually leading to disaster for the whistleblower. Organizational theorists seldom have addressed the question of how to improve whistleblowers' strategies. A useful general perspective for doing this is to conceive of bureaucracies as authoritarian political systems. The concept of political jiu-jitsu, from t...

Policy makers, political and state elites, civilian military cadres have grappled with the unprecedented crisis of Covid-19 in Middle East North Africa. Against this gloomy backdrop, main question became whether region could sustain its traditional security-first policy even though definition security has changed. Could perpetuate role as arbiter a broken clientelistic contract state-led socioe...

Though there is wide agreement among political scientists that separation of political and socio-economic statuses is necessary for the functioning of democracy, wide disagreement exists over the extent to which political statuses in tlie United States differ from socio-economic ones. This article focuses on PACs (Political Action Committees) as a new means for status-fusion in the United State...

Old elites can block changes, but not all do. Why is it that stronger elites may allow more changes than weaker elites? Why do economies with larger stocks of natural resources not grow faster than economies poorer in natural resources? We argue that old elites hold some power to extract rents from the economy. Whereas old sectors (i.e. agriculture or extraction of natural resources) are not af...

abstract the wave of islamic radicalism in central asia and separatism threaten china’s neighboring autonomous and muslim-populated xinjiang region. there is much evidence indicating that the threat is clear-cut, though in xinjiang muslim dissidents are not much strong because of increasing suppression of chinese people. in this article, the main question includes what is china’s main security ...