A novel digital watermarking for image authentication is proposed in this paper. Most previous proposed watermarking algorithms embed sequences of random numbers as watermarks. Here images are taken as watermarks for embedding. In the proposed approach, the host image is decomposed into wavelet coefficients. Local entropies of wavelet coefficients in the low-frequency subband are calculated by ...

This paper compares the performance of two schemes for joint channel estimation and turbo-decoding of high-rate trellis turbocodes in flat Rayleigh fading, where antenna diversity is available at the receiver. The first method relies on iterative quantized phase estimation, and the second on optimum filtering of pilot and coded symbols. For Doppler rates of practical interest, simulations indic...

We propose a quantum theory of membranes designed such that the ground-state wavefunction of the membrane with compact spatial topology Σh reproduces the partition function of the bosonic string on worldsheet Σh. The construction involves worldvolume matter at quantum criticality, described in the simplest case by Lifshitz scalars with dynamical critical exponent z = 2. This matter system must ...

We consider stochastically quantized self-interacting scalar fields as suitable models to generate dark energy in the universe. Second quantization effects lead to new and unexpected phenomena if the self interaction strength is strong. The stochastically quantized dynamics can degenerate to a chaotic dynamics conjugated to a Bernoulli shift in fictitious time, and the right amount of vacuum en...

In this paper, we extend the Unruh-DeWitt (UDW) model to include a relativistic quantized center of mass (c.m.) for detector, which traditionally has classical c.m. and follows trajectory. We develop an inertial detector following two different approaches, starting from either first- or second-quantized treatment, enables us compare fundamental differences between schemes. particular, find that...

Theoretically, in order to describe the behavior of a spectrum, a mathematical model whichcould predict the spectrum characteristics is needed. Since in this study a Two-state system has beenused like models which was introduced previously past and could couple with the environment, theformer ideas have been extended in this study. we use the second quantized version for writing thisHamiltonian...

The field of emergent communication aims to understand the characteristics as it emerges from artificial agents solving tasks that require information exchange. Communication with discrete messages is considered a desired characteristic, for scientific and applied reasons. However, training multi-agent system not straightforward, requiring either reinforcement learning algorithms or relaxing di...