The study area, Cuddalore, is one of the endemic districts for Japanese encephalitis (JE) in southern India and there is a strong seasonality in JE case incidence, as well as JE virus (JEV) infection in the principal vector Culex (Culex) tritaeniorhynchus Giles. In a longitudinal 3-year study (July 2003 to June 2006), we determined the susceptibility of wild-caught female Cx. tritaeniorhynchus ...

The present study was conducted to establish base line physiological and hematology values in Punganur cattle in different age groups (bulls, cows, young bulls, heifers, and male and female calves) and during different seasons (monsoon, winter and summer). The mean rectal temperature (F), respiration, pulse and heart rate (per min.) were significantly higher (P<0.01) in young animals than in ad...

Objective: Trauma is a disease of modern societies and one of the reasons for the deaths of all ages in those societies. It is estimated that each year about 8.5 million people worldwide lose their lives as a result of trauma. Among the types of injuri...

In a longitudinal study of hyperendemic malaria in a village in eastern Thailand (from October 1985 to November 1987), man-biting anopheline mosquitoes were collected for 16 man-nights per month in 22 of 26 mo. Mosquitoes were separated according to collection sites (inner, central, more populated; outer, peripheral, more forested), biting period, and parity, and then they were tested for sporo...

BACKGROUND The optimal vaccination strategy to mitigate the impact of influenza epidemics is unclear. In 2005, a countywide school-based influenza vaccination campaign was launched in Knox County, Tennessee (population 385,899). Approximately 41% and 48% of eligible county children aged 5-17 years were immunized with live attenuated influenza vaccine before the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 influenza...

Background Injury rates among Major League Baseball pitchers have been increasing over the past several years. It is currently unknown whether pitching a complete game (CG) is a risk factor for spending time on the disabled list (DL). Purpose/Hypothesis The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between pitching a CG and time on the DL. We hypothesized that pitchers who threw...

Understanding the impact of a pest species on a particular crop is critical for the success of a pest management program. Field studies were conducted to determine the effect of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on marketable yield of strawberries during the 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 growing seasons. Low, medium, and high mite infestation levels were established by initial ino...

Understanding the impact of a pest species on a particular crop is critical for the success of a pest management program. Field studies were conducted to determine the effect of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on marketable yield of strawberries during the 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 growing seasons. Low, medium, and high mite infestation levels were established by initial ino...