In this work we focus on a natural class of population protocols whose dynamics are modelled by the discrete version of Lotka-Volterra equations. In such protocols, when an agent a of type (species) i interacts with an agent b of type (species) j with a as the initiator, then b’s type becomes i with probability Pij . In such an interaction, we think of a as the predator, b as the prey, and the ...

and knee motion for positioning. Flex the hip to almost 90°. Remove the proximal and distal locking screws in standard fashion. Lay a guidewire on the thigh and obtain a fluoroscopic image of the proximal hip. Adjust the wire to coincide with the femoral nail on the lateral view. Draw a line along the wire, extending it onto the buttock. Externally rotate the thigh and mark a line in a similar ...

We report the first experimental observation of Beliaev damping of a collective excitation in a Bose-condensed gas. Beliaev damping is not predicted by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and so this is one of the few experiments that tests BEC theory beyond the mean field approximation. Measurements of the amplitude of a high frequency scissors mode, show that the Beliaev process transfers energy to...

BACKGROUND Advances in minimally invasive surgical techniques will require new types of instrument end-effectors for smaller, longer, and flexible instruments. These include a new class of multifunctional instruments capable of performing more than 1 task with a single set of working jaws. Furthermore, it is desired that multifunctional instruments be designed to provide improved dexterity comp...

In different fields like decision making, psychology, game theory and biology, it has been observed that paired-comparison data like preference relations defined by humans and animals can be intransitive. The relations may resemble the well-known game of rock-paper-scissors. In the game, rock defeats scissors and scissors defeat paper, but rock loses to paper. Intransitive relations cannot be m...

We study dipole-mode and scissors-mode oscillations of a harmonically trapped dipolar supersolid, composed droplets arranged on one-dimensional (1D) or 2D lattice, to establish the robustness its crystalline structure under translation rotation, using beyond-mean-field model including Lee-Huang-Yang interaction. The atoms are polarized in $z$ direction with supersolid lying $x\text{\ensuremath{...