In view of the currently observed energy prices, recent price scenarios, which have been very moderate until 2004, also tend to favor high future energy prices. Having a large impact on energy-economic scenarios, we incorporate uncertain energy prices into an energy systems model by including a stochastic risk function. Energy systems models are frequently used to aid scenario analysis in energ...

This paper shows how the building automation systems (BAS) are a powerful tool for companies face some permanent or temporary changes that can occur in the surrounding environment, which can affect the welfare of users, increase the energy consumption and/or demand more financial investment to strengthen or to replace the actual systems to attend the needs of users. However, these systems not p...

conclusions using the simulation as a decision making tool helps us to decide how we can reduce outpatient's waiting time. comparison of outputs of this scenario and the based- case scenario in simulation model shows that combining physician's work time changing with patient's admission time changing (scenario 9) would reduce patient waiting time about 73.09%. due to dynamic and complex nature ...

Rapidly increasing urbanization in the world, especially in developing countries, let to increasing urban extents. Rapid urban growth causes to appearance many problems such as wasting environmental resources, inability of providing necessary services for citizens and unplanned growth. Urban mangers and planners need tools for understanding amount and size of future urban growths to prevent the...

results in this study, a significant relation was established between the three areas or domains of learning: 1) knowledge domain (learning the theoretical basis of necessity-based training); 2) motivational domain (how to motivate collection, classification, etc. and 3) the technical domain (how trauma experts and specialists can recognize and classify needs practically. our findings suggest t...