Significant direct and scatter radiation doses to patient and physician may result from routine interventional radiology practice. A lead-free disposable tungsten antimony shielding pad was tested in phantom patients during simulated diagnostic angiography procedures. Although the exact risk of low doses of ionizing radiation is unknown, dramatic dose reductions can be seen with routine use of ...

A proposed method to obtain the dose for Computed Tomography was evaluated on long a phantom, made of polyethylene. This phantom is 600 mm large. Adopting an empirical characterized function , tendency asymptotical grow by increase scanning length can estimate in infinite single axial rotation x-ray tube. The curve estimated different clinical protocols: tension, pitch, head/body, and center/pe...

The purpose of this work is to compare different methods for shielding calculation in computed tomography (CT). The BIR-IPEM (British Institute of Radiology and Institute of Physics in Engineering in Medicine) and NCRP (National Council on Radiation Protection) method were used for shielding thickness calculation. Scattered dose levels and calculated barrier thickness were also compared with th...

The infusion rate of propofol which would produce anaesthesia, when combined with nitrous oxide in oxygen, was studied in 75 fit unpremedicated patients undergoing body surface operations. The infusion rates were based on multiples of the median dose required to produce anaesthesia by intermittent injection in an additional 20 patients. The scatter of doses showed a right skew, for both intermi...

Vascular access ports are used widely in the administering of drugs for radiation oncology patients. Their dosimetric effect on radiation therapy delivery in photon beams has not been rigorously established. In this work the effects on external beam fields when any of a variety of vascular access ports is included in the path of a high energy beam are studied. This medical physics study specifi...

Purpose In 2011, the International Commissionon Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommended reducing threshold dose for lens. Therefore, it is important to reduce lens exposure in medical exposures. a cranio-caudal (CC) view of mammography, patient' s receives scattered radiation. this study, we investigated scatter around during mammography and reviewed simple easy protection methods Methods Op...

Introduction: In nuclear medicine imaging, detection of the scattered photons along with the primary photons is one of the major problems that can lead to a decrease in ddiagnostic accuracy. Therefore, use of a suitable scatter correction method can help to improve of the image quality and increase of diagnostic accuracy. The aim of this study is evaluation of five energy wind...

interpolation, the generalization of point data to scatter data, and combining maps are three cases of important applications of gis. in this study, it has been tried to make the estimation of rain erosion capacity (fournier method) more real through using gis capability in interpolation and the generalization of point data to scatter data. in fournier method, the rain erosion capacity is calcu...