Dietary fatty acids and cholesterol are the main determinants of cardiovascular disease. In the last 25 years our traditional dietary pattern has tended to include higher total fat content and lower nutritional quality, which will have negative effects on our state of health. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge on the influence of different dietary fatty acids and choles...

A focus of dietary recommendations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and treatment has been a reduction in saturated fat intake, primarily as a means of lowering LDL-cholesterol concentrations. However, the evidence that supports a reduction in saturated fat intake must be evaluated in the context of replacement by other macronutrients. Clinical trials that replaced saturated fat with...

OBJECTIVES To quantify global consumption of key dietary fats and oils by country, age, and sex in 1990 and 2010. DESIGN Data were identified, obtained, and assessed among adults in 16 age- and sex-specific groups from dietary surveys worldwide on saturated, omega 6, seafood omega 3, plant omega 3, and trans fats, and dietary cholesterol. We included 266 surveys in adults (83% nationally repr...

BACKGROUND The relation between dietary intake of specific types of fat, particularly trans unsaturated fat and the risk of coronary disease remains unclear. We therefore studied this relation in women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study. METHODS We prospectively studied 80,082 women who were 34 to 59 years of age and had no known coronary disease, stroke, cancer, hypercholesterolemia, or di...

• The first experimental evidence that cholesterol is an atherogenic factor was presented by Anitschkovv and Chalatow. Rittenberg and Schoenheimer's demonstration that animals can synthesize cholesterol, and other investigationswhich show that dietary fat can effectively influence serum cholesterol levels in man, focused attention on dietary lipids other than cholesterol in atherogenesis. Exper...

Stearic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid. However, in contrast with other saturated fatty acids, stearic acid apparently does not raise serum cholesterol concentrations. Studies carried out three decades ago provided strong suggestive evidence that this was the case. More recent investigations that specifically compared stearic acid with other fatty acids in human studies have confirme...

We attempted to ascertain the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids by conducting two studies in normal young men, in which monounsaturated fats were replaced by polyunsaturated fats within the guidelines of the American Heart Association step 1 diet. Study A employed a randomized parallel design in which subjects first consumed an average American diet (AAD) containing 37% of calories as fat ...

Studies were carried out on the effects of polyunsaturated fats on lipid metabolism in 11 patients with hypertriglyceridemia. During cholesterol balance studies performed in eight patients, the feeding of polyunsaturated fats, as compared with saturated fats, caused an increased excretion of endogenous neutral steroids, acidic steroids, or both in most patients. Increases in steroid excretions...