We show that, in John Conway’s board game Phutball (or Philosopher’s Football), it is NP-complete to determine whether the current player has a move that immediately wins the game. In contrast, the similar problems of determining whether there is an immediately winning move in checkers, or a move that kings a man, are both solvable in polynomial time.

1. School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. 2. Inst. of Psychiatry, Kings College London, Addiction Sciences Building, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom 3. British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, 608 -1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, CANADA, V6Z 1Y6 4. Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limeric...

1 Kings Park and Botanic Gardens and Parks Authorittj, Fraser Avenue, West Perth, WA 6005, Australia. 2 School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. 3 School of Environmental Science, Murdoch University, WA 6150, Australia. 4 Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. * Corresponding author IE! Ben.Miller@bgpa:wa.go...

1Downstate Medical Center and Kings County Hospital Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA 2Langone Medical Center, New York University, NY, USA 3Department of Cardiology, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, NY 11554, USA 4Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Ams...

The Royal Basilica of Székesfehérvár was the burial place fifteen Hungarian kings. Unfortunately, anthropological findings excavated at site were mixed up during tumultuous centuries Hungary, hence royal remains still lie unidentified in a charnel-house. appearance and rapid development archaeogenetics now allows personal identification skeletons from among Basilica. genetic information necessa...

Ethnomatematics-based learning, linking mathematics and culture, can improve students' mathematical abilities. Therefore, the concepts contained in culture need to be studied become one of innovations learning as a contextual material. This research aimed explore describe cemetery complex Imogiri kings. was exploratory-qualitative with an ethnographic design. The focus this ethnomathematics exp...