The clonal selection theory first proposed by Macfarlane Burnet is a cornerstone of immunology (1). At the time, it revolutionized the thinking of immunologists because it provided a simple explanation for lymphocyte specificity, immunological memory, and elimination of self-reactive clones (2). The experimental demonstration by Nossal & Lederberg (3) that B lymphocytes bear receptors for a sin...

THi Royal College of Physicians in Edinburgh was founded in 1681. At the time of its foundation there were twenty-one founder fellows. Among the original fellows were Robert Sibbald, already a distinguished physician and man of science; Thomas Burnet of Crimond, Physician to the King in Scotland and author of the popular Thesaurus Medicinae Practicae;11 Andrew Balfour who, with Sibbald, had fou...

The development of principles to guide the Victorian Alcohol and Drug Service System is supported by the Centre for Research Excellence into Injecting Drug Use (CREIDU) based at the Burnet Institute. While we have a particular interest in the service system from the perspective of people who inject drugs, our comments are broader. We believe that the principles need to reflect changes to servic...

Reflecting on his scientific career toward the end of his life, the French-educated medical researcher René Dubos presented his flowering as an ecological thinker as a story of linear progression-the inevitable product of the intellectual seeds planted in his youth. But how much store should we set by Dubos's account of his ecological journey? Resisting retrospective biographical readings, this...

Control of temperature and duration of partial carbonization for Chinese medicines have been mainly based on experience of the processors. No quantitative methods and parameters are available that can be used to precisely control the temperature and determine the energy changes during the process. In our research, with a simulated atmosphere air condition, the partial carbonization processes of...

amelogenesis imperfecta is a group of genetic disorders that affects both the morphology and quality of tooth structure. although the disease entity is primarily associated with abnormalities of dental and oral structures, it has been reported to be associated with a few syndromes. a 9-year-old girl with minor thalassemia referred to the department of pediatric dentistry of the mashhad faculty ...