Emerging contaminant ciprofloxacin (CIP) has been frequently detected in soils. Its interactions with metals in soils remain largely unknown. We examined the effects of metal cations Cu and Ca and surface Fe/Al coating on CIP sorption by preloading Cu and Ca onto sand surface or mixing them with CIP in solution. Batch experiments with sand before and after removing Fe/Al coating on surface (coa...

In laboratory studies, insecticides (diflubenzuron, novaluron, methoprene and, pyriproxyfen) that have been incorporated into rodent diets were effective as feed-throughs against sand fly larvae. Novaluron also was effective against sand fly larvae at low concentrations and under simulated field conditions. Ivermectin has been shown to be effective as a systemic insecticide, killing 100% of blo...

Coastal sand dunes have attracted the attention of plant ecologists for over a century, but they have largely relied on correlations to explain dune plant community organization. We examined long-standing hypotheses experimentally that sand binding, inter-specific interactions, abiotic factors and seedling recruitment are drivers of sand dune plant community structure in Sardinia, Italy. Removi...

Knowledge of the fate and transport of functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in porous media is crucial to understand their environmental impacts. In this study, laboratory column and modeling experiments were conducted to mechanistically compare the retention and transport of two types of functionalized CNTs (i.e., single-walled nanotubes and multi-walled nanotubes) in acid-cleaned, baked, an...

A field study was designed to study several inorganic soil amendments as a substitute for sand in the top-dressing of an aerified, sandbased putting green. Several forms of natural zeolites, calcined clays, and diatomaceous earth were blended with sand and used to backfill aerification holes on a sand-based putting green. Several of these amendments enhanced turfgrass recovery and quality in th...

This paper reports on an experimental study on the ploughing or orthogonal cutting in sand. Plane strain cutting or ploughing experiments were carried out on model Ottawa sand while being imaged at high resolution. The images obtained were further processed using image analysis and the evolution of the velocity and deformation fields were obtained from these analysis. The deformation fields sho...

This appendix describes the procedure developed by Clough and Duncan (1971) for the determination of hyperbolic parameter values for interfaces. Hyperbolic parameter values of the interfaces between concrete and dense Density Sand, medium-dense Density Sand, and dense Light Castle Sand are determined based on the results of the initial loading tests presented in Appendix C. Example calculations...

Channel sand acts as stratigraphic trap for hydrocarbon accumulation in many parts of the world. Delineation of this type of reservoir is crucial as channel sand may be scarce and inaccurate location of the drilling wells could lose a huge currency. To differentiate channel sand from the host rocks, attributes such as P and S wave velocity ratio plays a vital role in the study area. The velocit...

The Sand Motor is a mega-nourishment characterized by a very large sand volume of around 20 million m placed along the Dutch coast. The Sand Motor is a pilot project to evaluate the performance of an alternative nourishment strategy with respect to different functions of the coastal system. Within the scope of the coastal functions, the hook-shaped design of the initial morphology of the Sand M...

New evidence indicates that sand availability does not only control dune type but also the underlying dune growth mechanism and the subsequent dune orientation. Here we numerically investigate the development of bedforms in bidirectional wind regimes for two different conditions of sand availability: an erodible sand bed or a localized sand source on a non-erodible ground. These two conditions ...