OBJECTIVE To study the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on serum levels of cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). METHODS Thirty-six SAP patients were randomly divided into Salvia miltiorrhiza-treated group and non-Salvia miltiorrhiza-treated group with eighteen patients in each...

Salvia divinorum is a hallucinogenic herb that is internationally regulated. In this study, salvinorin A, the active compound in S. divinorum, was extracted from S. divinorum plant leaves using a 5-min extraction with dichloromethane. Four additional Salvia species (Salvia officinalis, Salvia guaranitica, Salvia splendens, and Salvia nemorosa) were extracted using this procedure, and all extrac...

Salvia divinorum is a perennial labiate used for curing and divination by the Mazatec Indians of Oaxaca, Mexico. The psychotropic effects the plant produces are compared to those of the other hallucinogens employed by the Mazatecs, the morning glory, Rivea corymbosa L., Hallier f. and the psilocybin-containing mushrooms. A discussion of the role of ska María Pastora in the native "pharmacopeia"...

The aim of this work is to assess the morphological characteristics and parameters of biomass production, such as fresh and dry matter weight (FMW and DMW, g/plant), yield of dry matter (YDM) in terms of ton/ha, essential oil content (EOC, mL/100 g) and yield of essential oils (YEO) expressed as L/ha of the following plants Salvia verbenaca, Salvia argentea, Salvia lavandulifolia, Salvia praten...

To investigate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Salvia miltiorrhiza and related species, we analyzed the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region for 7 accessions of Salvia miltiorrhiza and another 23 samples from other taxa within the genus Salvia by maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference analyses. Th ere were 257 variation sites amounting to 40.8...

Background and objectives: Salvia chloroleuca Rech. f. & Allen., is an endemic species growing wildly in north east and center parts of Iran but there is no information about its safety. To provide information about the safety of the species, we evaluated its acute and sub chronic toxicity in rats. Methods: In acute toxicity study, the aqueous methanol (80%) extract at a single dose of...

Both Salvia akiensis and S. lutescens (Lamiaceae) are endemic to Japan. Salvia akiensis was recently described in 2014 in the Chugoku (= SW Honshu) region, and each four varieties of S. lutescens distributed allopatrically. Among varieties in S. lutescens, var. intermedia show a disjunctive distribution in the Kanto (=E Honshu) and Kinki (= W Honshu) regions. Recent field studies of S. lutescen...

background and objectives: salvia chloroleuca rech. f. & allen., is an endemic species growing wildly in north east and center parts of iran but there is no information about its safety. to provide information about the safety of the species, we evaluated its acute and sub chronic toxicity in rats. methods: in acute toxicity study, the aqueous methanol (80%) extract at a single dose of 2000...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The genus Salvia has traditionally included any member of the tribe Mentheae (Lamiaceae) with only two stamens and with each stamen expressing an elongate connective. The recent demonstration of the non-monophyly of the genus presents interesting implications for staminal evolution in the tribe Mentheae. In the context of a molecular phylogeny, the staminal morphology of the...