There has been considerable work in AI on decisiontheoretic planning and planning under uncertainty. Unfortunately, all of this work suffers from one or more of the following limitations: 1) it relies on very simple models of actions and time, 2) it assumes that uncertainty is manifested in discrete action outcomes, and 3) it is only practical for very small problems. For many real world proble...

The lack of safe water creates a tremendous burden of diarrheal disease and other debilitating, life-threatening illnesses for people in the developing world. Point-of-use (POU) water treatment technologyhasemergedasanapproachthatempowers people and communities without access to safe water to improve water quality by treating it in the home. Several POU technologies are available, but, except f...

The lack of safe water creates a tremendous burden of diarrheal disease and other debilitating, life-threatening illnesses for people in the developing world. Point-of-use (POU) water treatment technology has emerged as an approach that empowers people and communities without access to safe water to improve water quality by treating it in the home. Several POU technologies are available, but, e...

This article is an extended summary of the Guideline 28 prepared by the Process Water Subgroup of the European Hygienic Engineering & Design Group (EHEDG), originally published in December 2004. The full report prepared by A. Winkler (Chairman), R. Hopman, D. Lawrence, J.A. Milligan, D. Napper, J. O’Brien, A.M. van Buren, H.M.J. van Eijk and W.G.J.M. van Tongeren is available from CCFRA at pubs...

Introduction: Accessibility to safe drinking water is an important human health issue, so water reuse and water resources management are critical in arid parts of developing  regions. This study aimed to investigate the use of a combined simple designed solar geyser/photocell for drinking water disinfection. Materials and Methods: In this study, a solar geyser with a simple design was combined...

A action is often criticized for causing reverse discrimination and lowering the qualifications of those hired under the policy. However, the magnitude of such adverse effects depends on whether the best suited candidate is hired absent the policy. Indeed affirmative action may compensate for the distortion discrimination imposes on the selection of candidates. This paper asks whether affirmati...

Existing and proposed metrics for household drinking-water services are intended to measure the availability, safety and accessibility of water sources. However, these attributes can be highly variable over time and space and this variation complicates the task of creating and implementing simple and scalable metrics. In this paper, we highlight those factors - especially those that relate to s...

participants will consider a 5-year strategic plan to reduce waterborne disease through specific actions in research, advocacy, communication , and implementation. This first phase has seen progress in the organization and expansion of the network's participant base and real work in the field, building on the evidence that household water management can contribute to meeting the Millennium Deve...