Event-related potential (ERP) studies of working memory have used delayed S1-S2 match-to-sample tasks in which S1 is held in memory for comparison with S2. ERP negativities in the S1-S2 interval have been interpreted either in terms of working memory operations, or in terms of general preparatory motor processing. Two experiments (N = 20 each) were carried out to explore the nature of ERP negat...

In this paper we provide an achievable rate region for the discrete memoryless multiple access channel with correlated state information known non-causally at the encoders using a random binning technique. This result is a generalization of the random binning technique used by Gel’fand and Pinsker for the problem with non-causal channel state information at the encoder in point to point communi...

When we know the subjective probabilities (degrees of belief) p1 and p2 of two statements S1 and S2 , and we have no information about the relationship between these statements, then the probability of S1 & S2 can take any value from the interval max(p1 + p2 ? 1; 0); min(p1; p2)]. If we must select a single number from this interval, the natural idea is to take its midpoint. The corresponding \...

Separation Logic as introduced by Calcagno, O’Hearn, and Yang [7] is the foun-dation of the separation logic framework in HOL4. In the following, this foundation willbe described. 3.2.1 States and Predicates on States As the name suggests, Abstract Separation Logic is an abstract version of separationlogic. It abstracts from both the concrete specification and the concrete programmi...

When we know the subjective probabilities (degrees of belief) p1 and p2 of two statements S1 and S2 , and we have no information about the relationship between these statements, then the probability of S1 & S2 can take any value from the interval max(p1 + p2 ? 1; 0); min(p1; p2)]. If we must select a single number from this interval, the natural idea is to take its midpoint. The corresponding \...

Ultrasound radio-frequency (RF) time series have been shown to carry tissue typing information. To evaluate the potential of RF time series for early prediction of tumor response to chemotherapy, 50MCF-7 breast cancer-bearing nude mice were randomized to receive cisplatin and paclitaxel (treatment group; n = 26) or sterile saline (control group; n = 24). Sequential ultrasound imaging was perfor...

20.1. Additional technical results on weak convergence Given two metric spaces S1, S2 and a measurable function f : S1 → S2, suppose S1 is equipped with some probability measure P. This induces a probability measure on S2 which is denoted by Pf−1 and is defined by Pf−1(A) = P(f−1(A) for every measurable set A ⊂ S2. Then for any random variable X : S2 → R, its expectation EPf −1 [X] is equal to ...

In this paper, we consider the asymptotic properties of the numbers of spanning trees and Eulerian trials in circulant digraphs and graphs. Let C(p, s1, s2, . . . , sk) be a directed or undirected circulant graph. Let T (C(p, s1, s2, . . . , sk)) and E(C(p, s1, s2, . . . , sk)) be the numbers ∗This work was partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China, email: fjzhang@jingxian....

We present a comprehensive study, by femtosecond pump–probe spectroscopy, of excited state dynamics in a polyene that approaches the infinite chain limit. By excitation with sub-10-fs pulses resonant with the 0–0 S0 ? S2 transition, we observe rapid loss of stimulated emission from the bright excited state S2, followed by population of the hot S1 state within 150 fs. Vibrational cooling of S1 t...

Food flavour is important in appetite control. The effects of aroma and taste, independently or in combination, on appetite sensation and subsequent food intake, were studied. Twenty-six females (24 ± 4 years, 20.9 ± 1.9 kg⋅m-2) consumed, over 15 min period, one of four sample drinks as a preload, followed by an ad libitum consumption of a pasta meal (after 65 min). Sample drinks were: water (S...