This paper reviews the monetary policy in Japan during the “great recession.” The paper focuses especially on the conduct of monetary policy when the ZIRP (zero interest rate policy) was in place. The nominal call rate was virtually zero, but we find the monetary policy was not that expansionary in some other dimensions. We examine the long-run relation between the real M2+CD and the real GDP, ...

This paper examines monetary and fiscal policy through the estimation of a New-Keynesian dynamic general equilibrium model for Iran’s economy. In this New-Keynesian dynamic general equilibrium model, the consumers encounter the liquidity constraint and the firms face sticky prices, while they are changing them. In the model presented, a role is considered for both government spending and taxati...

T his paper empirically examines the relationship among exports, foreign direct investment, current account deficit and economic growth in Pakistan during the period 1975-2016.We adopted the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to co-integration together with ECM techniques to trace the long-run as well as the short-run relationships. The results demonstrate the existence o...

there is no agreement among different economic schools about role of monetary policy in stabilization policy. new classic by means of rational expectations show that only unanticipated monetary policy influences upon real variables. how ever new keynsian by means of rational expectations shows that anticipated monetary policy influences real ariables too. the present article investigates above ...

Motivated by the difficulties of successfully operating a discretionary monetary policy, researchers and policymakers have become increasingly interested in the stabilization properties of a credible precommitment or rule on monetary policy. The theoretical and empirical effects of various monetary rules on real sector variables, such as employment and GNP, have been extensively studied [e.g., ...

Abstract We study the role of markup dispersion and aggregate TFP for monetary transmission. Empirically, we show that response to policy shocks can account a significant fraction in first two years after shock. Analytically, heterogeneous price rigidity explain if firms have precautionary setting motive, which is present common New Keynesian environments. provide empirical evidence support thi...

in this research, the attempt was made to test the existence of the natural rate hypothesis in iran, by using a johansson cointegration test. the results do not reveal any long run relationship between inflation and unemployment in iran for 1340-1386 periods. because of the time varying nature of nairu, the hp filter was applied to estimate the time series of nairu. comparing the nairu time ser...