BACKGROUND Fifteen lactating Holstein dairy cows were assigned to three diets in a 3 × 3 Latin square design to evaluate the effects of dietary forage sources on rumen microbiota, rumen fermentation and biogenic amines. Diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric, with a forage/concentrate ratio of 45:55 (dry matter basis) but different main forage sources, namely cornstalk (CS), Leymus chinensis ...

Storing rumen fluid (RF) has the potential to standardize subsequent in vitro feed fermentation studies. The first phase of this experiment aimed evaluate effect two RF storage methods on gas composition and dry matter disappearance (DMD) wheat grain lucerne hay under fermentation. were as follows: (1) snap-freezing using liquid nitrogen then storing it at −80 °C (−80 °C); (2) mixing with 5% di...

Little information is available comparing wheat forage varieties, rumen fermentation and biomass production for different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. A combination of grazing and in vitro experiments was conducted at Texas A & M (TAM) AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Vernon, TX from 2003 to 2004. Our objective was to determine the effects of wheat varieties (WV) and forage al...

nine multiparous lactating cows averaging 171 days in milk were divided according to days in milk and milk production into three 3×3 latin squares with three 3-week periods to investigate the effect of rumen degradable protein on milk urea nitrogen. diets were formulated to provide 3 concentrations of dietary rumen degradable protein (9.8, 10.8, and 11.8% of dry matter), while rumen undegradabl...

I. 15NH4C1 was continuously infused for periods of 120-216 h into the rumens of sheep which were allowed to feed 2 out of every 10 min. These treatments achieved steady metabolic states and allowed the assessment of nitrogen conversions by means of tracer methodology. The sheep were given either a barley diet or one of three hay diets. In two trials, the flow of abomasal material was determined...

OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of Rhodobacter sphaeroides (R. sphaeroides) supplementation as a direct-fed microbial (DFM) on rumen fermentation in dairy cows and on coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) transition into milk, an in vitro rumen simulation batch culture and an in vivo dairy cow experiment were conducted. METHODS The characteristics of in vitro ruminal fermentation were investigated using rume...

this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of garlic powder on fermentation characteristic and rumen microbes of arabian sheep.at first step the best level of garlic was determined. then animals were fed for 35 days with control diet and supplemented with garlic (2% per kg dm). apparent digestibility, rumen fermentation parameters, number of protozoa and blood metabolites (glucose...

I. The rates of passage of markers of fluid and particulate digesta through the sheep alimentary tract have been described mathematically in single-injection experiments by analysing the concentration curves of marker excretion in faecal dry matter and then predicting these concentrations by means of an equation containing two exponential terms. Thrce components related to this equation are a t...

Dry matter and cellulose digestibility were not affected by the urea infusions. The apparent nitrogen digestibility, derived from the difference between feed and faecal N, and ignoring infused N, was slightly depressed by urea infusions of from 9 to 34 g N/day, but at the highest level of infusion (43.7 g N/day) it was equal to or greater than the control value. Rumen pH and VFA concentrations ...

This study aimed to identify chemical composition of Thymus kotschyanus essential oil (TKEO) and to evaluate the effects of different doses of TKEO on in vitro gas production, fermentation parameters, acidosis and protozoal population using a completely randomized design with four replicates. Two diets (D1: 100% forage and D2: 30% forage+70% concentrate) were incubated with buffered rumen fluid...