Abstract- Efficient message delivery in city environment is required to ensure driver’s safety and passenger’s comfortability. In cities of developed nations, routing of data in vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) faces many challenges such as radio obstacles, mobility constraints and uneven nodes distribution. These factors primarily makes communication between vehicles complex. To overcome and t...

Multi-constraint quality-of-service routing will become increasingly important as the Internet evolves to support real-time services. It is well known however, that optimum multi-constraint QoS routing is computationally complex, and for this reason various heuristics have been proposed for routing in practical situations. Among these methods, those that use a single mixed metric are the mo...

background and aims. the aim of this study was to assess the opening torque of grooved and non-grooved screws made of shape memory alloys (sma) for fixation of mandibular fractures. materials and methods. in this in vitro study the opening torques of ten sma screws with grooves and ten sma screws without grooves were compared in 20 holes (10 holes for grooved screws and 10 holes for non-grooved...

in order to evaluate the efficiency of biocontrol agents of corn stem borer ,ostrinia nubilalis, experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block by five treatments and four replication, including, indoxacarb (avant)®, trichogrammawasps, bacillus thuringiensis var: kurstaki, integration of trichogramma sp. and bt., and control as treatments number 1 to 5. in treatments with parasitoid re...

Wireless ad-hoc networks (WANs) have great long-term economic potential and the ability to transform our lives. Consider the WAN application of emergent disaster recovery. Before delivering food, water, and medicine, as well as doctors to the survivors, we need to know where and how many of these things are needed. The most efficient way is to send rescue teams carrying portable equipment, to s...

Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is addressed to a class of problems for determining a set of vehicle routes, in which each vehicle departs from a given depot, serves a given set of customers, and returns back to the same depot. On the other hand, simultaneous delivery and pickup problems have drawn much attention in the past few years due to its high usage in real world cases. This study, therefo...

When entrepreneurs enter “structural holes” in information networks, they can make a profit by exploiting the access and control benefits that these provide. That is Ronald Burt’s 13-year-old argument. Ever since, evidence for the suggested advantages from the occupancy of strategic network positions has steadily accumulated. What has not been shown, however, is whether those who strive for suc...

AIM To prospectively evaluate peripheral visual fields after vitrectomy for idiopathic macular holes. METHODS Goldmann perimetry was performed in 105 patients before, as well as 6 weeks and 12 months after macular hole surgery. RESULTS Only one patient (< 1%) with a stage III macular hole developed an asymptomatic postoperative visual field defect. The scotoma was wedge-shaped, peripherally...