This study evaluated the effect of 1% hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment on the bonding of an adhesive cement (Panavia F 2.0) to an indirect resin composite (Estenia C&B). Pairs of composite disks (10 and 8 mm in diameter by 3 mm thickness) were prepared. Adhesive surfaces were pretreated with either airborne particle abrasion or HF etching before being soaked for 30 seconds, five minutes or 10 m...

River-bed sediments display two universal downstream trends: fining, in which particle size decreases; and rounding, where pebble shapes evolve toward ellipsoids. Rounding is known to result from transport-induced abrasion; however many researchers argue that the contribution of abrasion to downstream fining is negligible. This presents a paradox: downstream shape change indicates substantial a...

The study aims to analyze the influence of complex service factors on ravelling resistance performance for large-void asphalt pavements by carrying out tests environmental and vehicle factors, conducting ultraviolet aging, freeze–thaw cycles, as well speed simulated with Rotating Surface Abrasion Test, tests, traffic volume making a correlation analysis between Cantabro test Test. result shows ...

In situ abrasion of shingle beach material is a neglected area of study in coastal geomorphology, with reduction in beach volumes normally attributed to longshore and offshore drift. Results from field abrasion experiments conducted on flint shingle beaches on the East Sussex coast, southern England, show that in situ reductions in volume of beach material may be more significant than has been ...

A number of devices in MEMS introduce frictional contacts between moving surfaces, resulting in particle generation. In this paper, we explore the nano-scale abrasion characteristics of four materials that are commonly encountered in MEMS devices and packages: aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), Pyrex glass, and glass-mica ceramic (Macor). A commercial scribing tool has been adapted to provide control...

Sealers are used to enhance concrete durability through their ability to prevent moisture penetration and chloride intrusion, consequently improving the freeze-thaw performance of the concrete and preventing corrosion of the steel reinforcement, respectively. This paper summarizes three years of comprehensive field and laboratory investigations which were undertaken at the University of Manitob...

Membranes with more resilience to abrasive wear are highly desired in water treatment, especially for seawater desalination. Nanocomposite poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/nanoclay membranes were prepared by phase inversion and then tested for abrasion resistance. Their material properties were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA),...

This paper focuses on the mathematical modeling of axial piston pump through dividing the failure development of friction pair into lubrication, mixed lubrication and abrasion. Directing to the wedge-shaped oil film between cylinder block and valve plate, the support force distribution under the temperature variance was obtained. Considering the rough peak of valve plate, the contact load model...

<p><strong>Background:</strong> This study aimed to determine the test-retest reliability of computerized rotational head impulse test (crHIT) as an additional clinical tool assess horizontal semi-circular canal (HSCC) function in pediatric population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To re-test crHIT, included 29 normally developing children with a mean...