The diffraction beam from an anisotropic, random, rough surface is investigated. Two kinds of anisotropic surfaces with either a correlation-length anisotropy or a scaling anisotropy are considered. For the correlationlength anisotropic surface with an isotropic scaling, the shape of the diffraction beam directly reflects the surface anisotropy under any diffraction condition. However, for the ...

Multi-frequency radio polarimetric observations of the diffuse Galactic synchrotron background enable us to study the structure of the diffuse ionized gas via rotation measure maps. However, depolarization will introduce artifacts in the resulting rotation measure, most notably in the form of narrow, elongated “depolarization canals”. We use numerical models of a non-emitting Faraday rotating m...

FIGURE 2. Traditional X-ray scattering experiment setup. Photo Credit: Argonne National Laboratory. In addition to the setup shown in Figure 2, time resolution at BioCARS is provided by precise synchronization of additional beam blocking equipment placed before the sample under test—two rotating disk choppers and a shutter [2]. The X-ray beam is intercepted by a watercooled heat load chopper wh...

The Spiral2 driver uses a slow chopper situated in the common section of the low energy beam transport line to change the beam intensity, to cut off the beam in case of critical loss and to avoid hitting the wheel structure of rotating targets. The device has to work up to 10 kV, 1 kHz repetition frequency rate and its design is based on standard power circuits, standard vacuum feed-through and...

A new type of U-shape anti-cathode X-ray generator in which the inner surface of a cylindrical target is irradiated by an electron beam has been made by modifying a conventional rotating anti-cathode X-ray generator whose brightness in the catalog is 12 kW mm(-2). The target material (Cu), target radius (50 mm) and rotating speed (6,000 r.p.m.) were not changed in this modification. A brightnes...

We show that if the Rabi frequency is comparable to the Bohr frequency so that the rotating wave approximation is inappropriate, an extra oscillation is present with the Rabi oscillation. We discuss how the sensitivity of the degree of excitation to the phase of the field may pose severe constraints on precise rotations of quantum bits involving low-frequency transitions. We present a scheme fo...

The MultiFilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (MFRSR) (Harrison and Michalsky 1994a, 1994b) measures atmospheric column extinction of the direct solar beam and the diffuse radiation intensity at six wavelengths. Located at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York City, the instrument has six spectral channels at 415, 501, 616, 672, 870...

It is shown that optical vortex beams can be generated from a non-vortex fundamental beam by an optical frequency conversion process taking place within a twisted nonlinear photonic crystal. This is done without any first-order (linear) refractive optics. Through such a proposed structure, all-optical switching of vortices with different helicities is made possible, as well as the simultaneous ...

A compact and portable 300 GHz collective scattering diagnostic employing a homodyne detection scheme has been constructed and installed on the hot helicon experiment (HELIX). Verification of the homodyne detection scheme was accomplished with a rotating grooved aluminum wheel to Doppler shift the interaction beam. The HELIX chamber geometry and collection optics allow measurement of scattering...

This paper deals with the stabilization of a rotating body-beam system with torque control. The system we consider is the one studied by Baillieul and Levi in [1]. In [12] it has been proved by Xu and Baillieul that, for any constant angular velocity smaller than a critical one, this system can be stabilized by means of a feedback torque control law if there is damping. We prove that this resul...