Pesticides are of interest in etiologic studies of breast cancer because many mimic estrogen, a known breast cancer risk factor, or cause mammary tumors in animals, but most previous studies have been limited by using one-time tissue measurements of residues of only a few pesticides long banned in the United States. As an alternative method to assess historical exposures to banned and current-u...

To evaluate the possible association between pesticides and the risk of childhood cancers, epidemiologic studies published between 1970 and 1996 were critically reviewed. Thirty-one studies investigated whether occupational or residential exposure to pesticides by either parents or children was related to increased risk of childhood cancer. In general, the reported relative risk estimates were ...

The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has increased over 50% in the last IS years. This paper reviews the possible role of pesticides in this increase. While small increases in risk of NHL among farmers have been observed in general occupational surveys, recent studies focusing on specific pesticides have observed much larger risks. Frequent use of phenoxyacetic acid herbicides, in part...

the prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and diabetes including obesity has increased over the past few years in iran. the increase in these diseases has been associated with increased urbanization and lifestyle changes. the burden of non-communicable diseases (ncd) is increasing in low and middle-income countries. the aim of this report is to address the threat of ncds ...

Plant protection spray treatments may expose non-target organisms to pesticides. In the pesticide registration procedure, the honey bee represents one of the non-target model species for which the risk posed by pesticides must be assessed on the basis of the hazard quotient (HQ). The HQ is defined as the ratio between environmental exposure and toxicity. For the honey bee, the HQ calculation is...

Studies were undertaken to assess the impact of wastewater/sludge disposal (metals and pesticides) from sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Jajmau, Kanpur (5 MLD) and Dinapur, Varanasi (80 MLD), on health, agriculture and environmental quality in the receiving/application areas around Kanpur and Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh, India. The raw, treated and mixed treated urban wastewater samples were col...

Groundwater resources make up an important portion of potable and irrigation water in Iran, making it important to monitor toxic elements of pollutants in these resources in order to protect the inhabitants' health. The current study has been carried out to assess the health risks, caused by trivalent inorganic arsenic-polluted groundwater in Qaleeh Shahin Plain, an important agricultural regio...

Contents For over last two decades, the toxicological research has focused on pesticide-induced oxidative stress (OS) as a possible mechanism of toxicity. In fact OS is an outcome of a multistep process spanning from perturbations in the balance between the levels of oxidants / prooxidants and antioxidants (both enzymatic and non-enzymatic) to tissue damage leading to onset of several disease s...

Pesticides exposure has been linked with many childhood diseases including endocrine and immune disorders. The aim of the present study is to monitor the levels of pesticides residues in a group of Type 1 Diabetic Children (TID) in our locality and to explore if there is correlation between presence of pesticides and risk of occurrence of TID. One hundred and ten Egyptian children; their ages r...

OBJECTIVE Chronic, low-dose exposure to pesticides is suspected to increase the risk for Parkinson's disease (PD), but data are inconclusive. METHODS We prospectively examined whether individuals exposed to pesticides have higher risk for PD than those not exposed. The study population comprised participants in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort, a longitudinal investigation of U...