INTRODUCTION Disruption in bone homeostasis with increased osteoclastic resorption may lead to osteoporosis. HIV tat has been found to increase differentiation of precursor cells into osteoclast (OC) (1). Presence of soluble HIV proteins in virally suppressed HIV patients on ART may drive a bone resorption phenotype. We investigated the role of soluble HIV proteins (tat, gp120 Mn and Bal, rev a...

Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA These authors contributed equally to this work. Running title: Structure of the Rev1 CTD-Rev3/7-Pol  RIR complex To whom correspondence should be address...

Evolutionary linguistics is going to clarify the evolutionary process of language and evolutionary economics is clarifying the dynamics of economic phenomena. In this paper, we consider the relevance between these two fields. In evolutionary linguistics, the origin of language is thought of as the biological evolutionary process of language capacity of humans and the evolution of language the p...

Cytoplasmic expression of the incompletely spliced RNA transcripts that encode the late, structural proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is dependent on the viral Rev regulatory protein. General agreement exists that Rev acts, at least in part, by recruiting the cellular Crm1 nuclear export factor to HIV-1 transcripts bearing the Rev response element RNA target, and thereby i...

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The HIV-1 Rev protein plays a pivotal role in viral replication, and therefore, inhibition of its function should block the progression of the virus-induced immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Here, RNA molecules have been shown to inhibit import of the HIV-1 Rev protein into nuclei of permeabilized cells. Nuclear uptake of biotinylated recombinant His-tagged Rev-GFP was assessed in nuclear extr...

The nuclear receptor Rev-erbα has been implicated as a major regulator of the circadian clock and integrates circadian rhythm and metabolism. Rev-erbα controls circadian oscillations of several clock genes and Rev-erbα protein degradation is important for maintenance of the circadian oscillations and also for adipocyte differentiation. Elucidating the mechanisms that regulate Rev-erbα stability...

Background: Individual identification is a subtle concept and often one of the important priorities in mass disasters, road accidents, air crashes, fires, and even in the investigation of criminal cases. To assess the individual differences in radiographic patterns of frontal sinus and to propose it as a tool for personal identification. Methods: Sample consisted of fifty healthy individuals ag...

Rev is an essential HIV-1 regulatory protein that binds the Rev responsive element (RRE) within the env gene of the HIV-1 RNA genome and is involved in transport of unspliced or partially spliced viral mRNA from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm. Previous studies have shown that a short alpha-helical peptide derived from Rev (Rev 34-50), and a truncated form of the RRE sequence provide a useful...

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