BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with recurrent glioblastoma often exhibit regions of diffusion restriction following the initiation of bevacizumab therapy. Studies suggest that these regions represent either diffusion-restricted necrosis or hypercellular tumor. This study explored postmortem brain specimens and a population analysis of overall survival to determine the identity and implications...

Nonionic diffusion and diffusion equilibrium of ammonia have been generally accepted as the mechanism of urinary ammonium excretion. However, these characteristics have not been examined directly in vitro. In the present studies, nonionic diffusion and diffusion equilibrium of ammonia were examined in rabbit cortical collecting tubules perfused in vitro. Collected fluid ammonium and pH were mea...

Introduction Distinguishing bland from tumor thrombus within the portal and renal veins has important implications for tumor staging, treatment and prognosis. There is limited evaluation of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for the detection and diagnosis of venous thrombosis, particularly outside the central nervous system [1, 2]. Thrombus conspicuity is potentially enhanced by the application ...

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) exploits the random, translational motion, or so-called Brownian movement, of water molecules in biologic tissue (Le Bihan et al., 1988). Recently, DWI has been used to detect the restricted diffusion of water molecules in the body. The primary use of DWI has been in brain imaging, mainly for the evaluation of intracranial tumors, acute ischem...

Pulsed field gradient (PFG) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to investigate the self-diffusion behaviour of polymers in cartilage. Polyethylene glycol and dextran with different molecular weights and in different concentrations were used as model compounds to mimic the diffusion behaviour of metabolites of cartilage. The polymer self-diffusion depends extremely on the observation time:...

Cerebellar Hippocampal and Basal Nuclei Transient Edema with Restricted diffusion (CHANTER) syndrome is characterized by an altered mental status. The acute MRI lesions show abnormal restricted imaging bilaterally symmetrically in the cerebellum, hippocampus, basal nuclei. This unknown presumed to be mainly opioidinduced toxidrome. Here, we present a case study wherein that it can also caused a...