The management of heart rhythm as part of the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) has been the subject of intensive investigation over the past two decades. Until recently, most physicians have believed that the initial approach to rhythm management should give primary consideration to restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm (SR) (1). The potential benefits of restoration and maintenance ...

Loss of a single tooth may cause functional and esthetic deficits. There are two treatment options that exist for replacing missing incisors. They include a tooth-supported restoration, or a single-tooth implant. Dental implants are a good treatment option for replacing missing teeth in adolescents, provided that the subject’s dental and skeletal development is complete. In some patients the sp...

The cause of pain in a phantom limb after partial or complete deafferentation is an important problem. A popular but increasingly controversial theory is that it results from maladaptive reorganization of the sensorimotor cortex, suggesting that experimental induction of further reorganization should affect the pain, especially if it results in functional restoration. Here we use a brain-machin...

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a satisfactory procedure regarding functional outcome and pain relief. The ever increasing number of total knee arthroplasties and expanding indications have led to a high number of revisions. The principles of revision arthroplasty are to understand the cause of failure, adequate surgical exposure, restoration of limb alignment, achieving appropriate soft tissu...

Northern peatlands can emit large amounts of carbon and harmful smoke pollution during a wildfire. Of particular concern are drained and mined peatlands, where management practices destabilize an array of ecohydrological feedbacks, moss traits and peat properties that moderate water and carbon losses in natural peatlands. Our results demonstrate that drained and mined peatlands in Canada and no...

Distribution system is the means of revenue for electric utility. It needs to be restored at the earliest if any feeder or complete system is tripped out due to fault or any other cause. Further, uncertainty of the loads, result in variations in the distribution network's parameters. Thus, an intelligent algorithm incorporating hybrid fuzzy-grey relation, which can take into account the uncerta...

Deconfinement and chiral symmetry restoration are explored in a confining, renormalisable, Dyson-Schwinger equation model of two-flavour QCD. An order parameter for deconfinement is introduced and used to establish that, in the chiral limit, deconfinement and chiral symmetry restoration are coincident at Tc ≈ 150MeV. The transitions are second order and each has the same critical exponent: β ≈ ...

In this paper, we propose a fault management with fast rerouting restoration scheme in MPLS network. The proposed scheme finds out the root cause of the occurred fault, and provides differentiated service with guaranteed QoS (Quality of Service) according to the differentiated backup path options. It can provide various backup path options, such as 1:1, 1:N or M:N fast-reroute by NMS, and opera...

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is the most common spinal cord disorder and a major cause of disability in adults. Improvements following surgical decompression are limited and patients often remain severely disabled. Post mortem studies indicate that CSM is associated with profound axonal loss. However, our understanding of the pathophysiology of CSM remains limited.To investigate the hy...