Difficulty breathing leads directly to a lifethreatening condition, representing a serious issue in clinical practice. Respiratory failure is defined as a functional disorder of the respiratory system showing an arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) of 60 Torr or less in the absence of oxygen administration. Physical findings of respiratory failure include tachypnea, tachycardia, engorgement and edema...

background:speech is the most important communication tool and is the smooth product of four systems: respiratory, phonatory, resonatory, and articulatory. currently, a variety of voice disorder occurred because of life style and environmental pollutants. vocal nodule is one of the most prevalent disorders in this category. considering the point that the air required for vocal cords vibration i...

Sleep has a physiological influence on respiration, which can have major adverse effects on gas exchange in patients with respiratory insufficiency. These effects relate largely to a reduction in various stimulant inputs to the brainstem respiratory centre. Conditions that may be associated with sleep-related respiratory insufficiency range from pulmonary disorders (such as chronic obstructive ...

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable expression. DM1 results from a trinucleotide expansion in the 3' untranslated region or the gene for myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK). Severity tends to increase and it shows a younger onset age with vertical transmission, a phenomenon known as anticipation. Congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM) is classified ...

Background: Asthma is one of the most common persistent inflammatory respiratory disorders. Comorbidities are relatively common in asthma. The aim of this review study was to find comorbid disorders in children with asthma. Methods: For the purpose of this review, we searched databases including Scopus, Google scholar, PubMed, SID, Irandoc and up-to-date. Key words for the search included chil...

OBJECTIVE To address gaps in knowledge about disability rates and costs of short-term disability by answering the following questions: (1) what is the incidence and the costs of short-term disability episodes related to mental disorders? and (2) how do these figures compare with those of short-term disability episodes related to physical disorders? METHODS The data set comes from a Canadian r...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of undiagnosed airflow obstruction is difficult to measure since it requires screening in population-based samples to identify individuals free of clinical symptoms. The purpose of this report is to examine the prevalence of undiagnosed airflow obstruction and its relation with respiratory symptoms in middle-age adults in the Korean Health and Genome (KHG) Study. MET...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, or Leigh syndrome (LS), is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by symmetrical spongiform lesions in the brain with onset usually in infancy or early childhood. Little is known of the developing process of the brain lesions in LS that are particularly relevant to the occurrence of fatal respiratory failure. Our p...

S leep apnea is defined as a sleep disorder with frequent episodes of upper-airway obstruction resulting in hemoglobin oxygen desaturation. The disorder is characterized by periods of breathing cessation (apnea) and periods of reduced breathing (hypopnea). Sleep apnea increases morbidity and mortality, thus making it a condition worthy of investigation.1 Sleep apnea is typically categorized as ...