External installation of steel braces is an effective approach to increase the lateral load resistance moment-resisting frames. However, effects existence on robustness frames resist progressive collapse still not clear because little study has been carried out. To fill this gap, in paper, six multistory subframes (three bare and three braced frames) were fabricated tested. Test results indicat...

Numerous studies were contemplated on the structures with distinctive structural configuration and ample amount of work is currently being performed through investigation response individual behavior shear walls bracings by varying configurations their material properties. Seismic design philosophies had mentioned firmly that a structure must accomplish Life Safety Performance Level for both re...

Around New Zealand there has been an increasing trend of ‘hybrid’ multi-storey buildings that combine reinforced concrete walls with structural steel framing systems. This study aims to characterise and understand this type building, focusing on constructed in Auckland Christchurch from 2014 onwards. Drawings a total 50 were reviewed, their features documented, including building use, height, l...

Abstract This article reviews historical legislation relating to the management of shipwrecks in Indonesia, examining issues terminology, division authority, and implementation. It focuses on evolution Indonesia’s commercial salvage legislation, from its introduction 1989 abrupt cessation 2010, when a moratorium was introduced. While interpreted as sign that Indonesia moving closer internationa...