Introduction Millikan’s theory of content places great reliance on the existence of isomorphisms between a system of representations and the things in the world which they represent — “the mapping requirement for being intentional signs” (Millikan 2004, p. 106). This paper asks whether those isomorphisms are doing any substantive explanatory work. Millikan’s isomorphism requirement is deployed ...

The aim of the present work is to introduce a pattern-based method for assisting the user during the temporal Requirement Specification (RS) phase. Indeed, since the user usually has to handle abstract notation as well as mathematical-based languages within this phase, RS is becoming more and more tedious and error-prone especially when dealing with complex systems. The authors’ method begins b...

In the European railways standards (CENELEC EN 50126, (1999); EN 50128, (2001); EN 50129, (2000)), it is required to obtain evidence of safety in system requirements specifications. In the railway domain, safety requirements are obviously severe. It is very important to keep requirements traceability during software development process even if the different used models are informal, semi formal...

The concept of transparency refers to the possibility of accessing information, intentions or behaviours that are revealed through a process of disclosure [4]. It is usually linked to accountability, openness, and e ciency [1]. Transparency depends on the accessibility and availability of information and how this can support users in the process of decision making [4]. In requirements engineeri...

Severe overfeeding of critically ill patients results in increased complications without clinical benefits. However, the optimal timing and amount of nutrition to feed critically ill adults has not been established. There are multiple prediction equations for estimating calorie expenditure of critically ill patients, but most studies comparing the accuracy of different prediction equations are ...

9 Successful data warehouse (DW) design needs to be based upon a requirement 10 analysis phase in order to adequately represent the information needs of DW users. 11 Moreover, since the DW integrates the information provided by data sources, it is 12 also crucial to take these sources into account throughout the development process 13 to obtain a consistent reconciliation of data sources and in...

Requirements engineering necessitates the analysis of relationships among the requirements of system stakeholders. Poor analysis of these relationships has led to numerous failures. To improve such analysis, researchers have created models and methods for recording, analyzing, and modifying stakeholder requirements. However, the critical aspect of resolving conflicts among stakeholder requireme...

economic strata and are often residents of rural areas. Diet lacks high-class proteins and consists mostly of cereals and a small quantity of pulses. Very low levels of total serum proteins and albumin are noted in hospitalized patients. The presumptive evidence of protein malnutrition and deprivation is strong, unlike the cryptogenic types in Britain. Less than a quarter of patients give a his...

The requirement validation is vital for every successful software development. In this process, the requirements from the users are checks and analyzed with its consistency, completeness and correctness. The validation of requirements is a very vast research area in software engineering. In this presented article, some quality research approaches are cited for the software engineering researche...