â  â â â  â  abstract â  this paper examines convergence of real gdp per capita in the selected east asian countries and this relationship with selected middle east countries during the period 1950-2009. the reason behind this refers to the fact that east asia countries (including china, hong kong, singapore, malaysia, indonesia, thailand, japan and south korea) have been involved in achieving ...

trade linearization according to scale, composite, and technology effects, changes the environment quality. on the other hand, trade liberalization, increases capital flow in the world. based on pollution haven hypothesis, polluted intensive industries move from the countries with stringent environmental policies to those with more relaxed environmental policies. in order to evaluate the effect...

In recent years, aiming to reduce the Greenhouse Gas pollution and promote energy efficiency and conservation among consumers’ energy use, price policies and price changes derived from environmental regulations have played a more important role. In this paper, using the most recent annual state-level panel data for 48 states, I estimate a dynamic partial adjustment model for electricity demand ...

SUMMARY Dependence of damage estimates upon assumptions of economic growth and technological development • Greater economic growth could, by increasing emissions, lead to greater damages from climate change. On the other hand, by increasing wealth and advancing technological development and human capital, economic growth would also increase a society's adaptive capacity and reduce those damages...

BACKGROUND A dramatic increase in healthcare expenditures is a major health policy concern worldwide. Understanding factors that underlie the growth in healthcare expenditures is essential to assist decision-makers in finding best policies to manage healthcare costs. We aimed to examine the determinants of healthcare spending in Iran over the periods of 1978-2011. METHODS A time series analys...

The paper aims to analyse the sectoral division of national economy in Slovak Republic from various points view. authors examine developmental changes number people employed different economic sectors (primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary) 1948 2018 reflecting natural development over that time. In order do this, they have used a logical comparative study theoretical knowledge accordanc...