The understanding of facial growth and occlusal development plays an important role in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning of problems encountered in dental and skeletal malocclusions. This article reviews the growth of the craniofacial complex, how we can modify growth in the maxilla and mandible, and suggests possible ways to enhance orthopedic changes in our every day orthodontic pr...

In this paper we define the removable cycle that, if $Im$ is a class of graphs, $Gin Im$, the cycle $C$ in $G$ is called removable if $G-E(C)in Im$. The removable cycles in Eulerian graphs have been studied. We characterize Eulerian graphs which contain two edge-disjoint removable cycles, and the necessary and sufficient conditions for Eulerian graph to have removable cycles h...

The aim of this retrospective study was to examine the dental changes which occurred during buccal segment retraction in 39 subjects considered suitable for treatment with headgear to the maxillary dentition. Initially, a removable en masse appliance was fitted to distalize the buccal segments. Once the molar relationship was corrected, fixed appliances were placed for upper arch consolidation ...

• Extraction of deciduous teeth no more than two weeks previously. • Absence of periodontal disease or any other pathology. • Absence of abnormal dental conditions such as crossbite, open bite, or deep bite. • Absence of carious lesions on the buccal surfaces of the abutment teeth. • Good oral hygiene. • Ability to attend follow-up appointments as required. Twenty-seven children (16 male and 11...